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東施效顰－成語故事中英雙語
mere copycat東施效顰
【成語來源】
In the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋時期,770-476 BC), there was a beauty in the State of Yue called Xishi (西施).
傳說春秋時期，越國有一美女，名喚西施。
She often suffered from pains in her chest, and so she would often walk around doubled over and with her brows knitted.
但是西施有心口疼的毛病，所以她經(jīng)常手捂胸口，皺著眉頭走著。
There was an ugly girl in the village called Dongshi who envied Xishi.
村子里還住著一位丑姑娘，叫做東施，她十分嫉妒西施。
Striving to emulate Xishi, she imitated her stoop, knitting her brows at the same time.
于是東施時常效仿西施，手捂胸口，緊皺眉頭。
She thought that this made her elegant, but in fact, it only made her more ugly.
東施覺得她效仿西施就會變得很美麗，但是實(shí)際上，只會使她變得更難看而已。
Later, this idiom came to be used to indicate improper imitation that produces the reverse effect.
這個典故比喻不恰當(dāng)?shù)哪７拢瑤硐喾吹男Ч?/p>
【文化鏈接】
英文中“東施效顰”可以說成“mere copycat”，“mere”有“僅僅”的意思，而“copycat”則可以表示我們常說的“山寨”，也就是“模仿的產(chǎn)品”，所以合在一起就是“僅僅只是山寨而已”，也就是“東施效顰”所表達(dá)的含義啦~
比如說，大家都知道美國由好萊塢Hollywood，而印度有一個寶萊塢Bollywood,所以曾有人說“寶萊塢是不是東施效顰好萊塢呢？”，英文表達(dá)就是“Bollywood a mere copycat?”，但事實(shí)其實(shí)不是哈，寶萊塢已經(jīng)越來越有自己的特色，也有很多廣為人知的好電影了。
延伸閱讀：
洛陽紙貴－中國成語故事中英對照
In the Jin Dynasty (265-420) there was a famous writer whose name was Zuo Si who, however, was very naughty and did not like to study when he was a small kid.His father often got angry, and yet young Zuo Si was as naughty as ever and would not study hard.
晉代文學(xué)家左思，小時候是個非常頑皮、不愛讀書的孩子。父親經(jīng)常為這事發(fā)脾氣，可是小左思仍然淘氣得很，不肯好好學(xué)習(xí)。
One day, Zuo Si's father was chatting with his friends. his friends envied him his clever and loverly son. Hearing this, Zuo si's father sighed, "Please do not mention him. My son Zuo si does not study as well as I did when I was young, although I did not study well enough myself. It appears that he is actually a good-for-nothing."So saying, he looked disappointed. All this was witnessed by young Zuo Si. He felt very sad, feeling intensely that he would not be able to have a bright future if he did not study hard. So he was determined to study assiduously from then on.
有一天，左思的父親與朋友們聊天，朋友們羨慕他有個聰明可愛的兒子。左思的父親嘆口氣說：“快別提他了，小兒左思的學(xué)習(xí)，還不如我小時候，看來沒有多大的出息了�！闭f著，臉上流露出失望的神色。這一切都被小左思看到聽到了，他非常難過，覺得自己不好好念書確實(shí)很沒出息。于是，暗暗下定決心，一定要刻苦學(xué)習(xí)。
Day after day and year after year, Zuo Si gradually grew up. Because of his unremitting afforts in hard study, he became an erudite scholar and wrote very excellent essays. The "Ode to the Capital of the State of Qi", which took him one year to write, showed his brilliant literary talent and laid the foundation for his becoming an outstanding writer. then he planned to write an "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu"with the local conditions and customs as well as the produce of the three capitals as its content. In order to achieve the desired effect in content, structure and language, he applied himself to research work with great concentration, and was so absorbed in creative writing as to forget food and sleep. It took him ten whole years to finish the writing of "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu", a literary masterpiece.
日復(fù)一日，年復(fù)一年，左思漸漸長大了，由于他堅持不懈地發(fā)奮讀書，終于成為一位學(xué)識淵博的人，文章也寫得非常好。他用一年的時間寫成了《齊都賦》，顯示出他在文學(xué)方面的才華，為他成為杰出的文學(xué)家奠定了基礎(chǔ)。這以后他又計劃以三國時魏、蜀、吳首都的風(fēng)土、人情、物產(chǎn)為內(nèi)容，撰寫《三都賦》。為了在內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)、語言諸方面都達(dá)到一定水平，他潛心研究，精心撰寫，廢寢忘食，用了整整十年，文學(xué)巨著《三都賦》終于寫成了。
The "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu"was well received by the broad masses of readers after it made its appearance to the public, and people considered it as superbly written as the "Ode to the Western Capital (Changan) and to the Eastern Capital (Luoyang)"written by Ban Gu (32-92) and the "Ode to the Western Capital and to the Eastern Capital"written by Zhang Heng of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to A.D.220). As the art of printing had not been invented at that time, people who were fond of this "Ode"had to make handwritten copies of it themselves. As there were so many people who vied with each other in making handwritten copies, the supply of writing paper fell short of the demand in Luoyang went up greatly.
《三都賦》受到諒也評，人們把它和漢代文學(xué)杰作《兩都賦》相比。由于當(dāng)時還沒有發(fā)明印刷術(shù)，喜愛《三都賦》的人只能爭相抄閱，因?yàn)槌瓕懙娜颂啵┏锹尻柕募垙埞┎粦?yīng)求，一時間全城紙價大幅度上升。
This story comes from "The life of Zuo Si"in the book "Literary Field"of The History of the Jin Dynasty. Based on this story, people have coined the set phrase "the price of writing paper went up greatly", meaning the overwhelming popularity of a new work causes shortage of printing paper, to show how popular an outstanding piece of literary work is.
故事出自《晉書·文苑·左思傳》。成語“洛陽紙貴”，稱頌杰出的作品風(fēng)行一進(jìn)。
嗟來之食 中國成語故事中英對照
food handed out in contempt嗟來之食
【成語來源】
One year during the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋時期,770-476 BC), there was a the Qi State (齊國) was severely strickend by a famine.
春秋時代，有一年齊國發(fā)生大饑荒。
Qian Ao (qián ào 黔敖), a very rich but arrogant man took the occasion to showcase his generosity through preparing food by the roadside and giving it to the passing refugees in charity.
有一位叫做黔敖有錢貴族，在街邊準(zhǔn)備食物分發(fā)給來往的難民，以顯示自己的慷慨。
A man with shabby clothes happened to walk by with his shoes trailing along, he was so hungry as not to open his eyes.
有一個饑民，用衣袖蒙著臉，拖著鞋，餓得眼睛都睜不開的樣子，慢慢地走過來。
Seeing the poor man, Qian Ao held the food by left hand and the drink by right hand, and shouted at him,"Hi, come to eat !”
黔敖見了，就左手拿著吃的，右手捧著喝的，向他喊道：“喂，來吃吧！”
Hearing the word, the man glared his eyes and said, “It is because I am not willing to eat the food handed out in contempt that I have been famished to such a degree. "
那人一聽這話，立即瞪著眼睛，說道：“我就是因?yàn)椴怀浴祦碇常硼I到這般地步的。"
Though Qian Ao made an apology to him for that, the man still resolutely refused to eat the food and thus he died of hunger in the end.
盡管黔敖向他道歉，那人仍然堅決不吃，終于餓死了。
This set phrase now extensively denotes the disrespectful aims. This story means that a person who has a strong sense of self-respect would rather die of hunger than be despised.
此故事講的是一個懷有強(qiáng)烈自尊心的人，寧可餓死也不肯接受人輕視�，F(xiàn)在這個成語泛指帶有侮辱性的施舍。
【文化鏈接】
中文中“嗟來之食”的意思就是“帶有侮辱性的施舍”，英語直譯就是“something handed out in contempt”，那如果是“主動去乞求幫助或是施舍”的話，英語該如何表達(dá)呢？
英文中常用慣語有“come hat in hand”，也就是是乞求或請求別人“施舍”，求人給一些原本不屬于你的東西，源自英國民俗，根據(jù)當(dāng)時英國的民間習(xí)俗，當(dāng)一個人窮困潦倒、無以為生時，就可以手持帽子，低聲下氣地向別人乞討，以獲取他人的同情，這是一種非常丟臉的行為，所以一般人除非迫不得已，否則是不會這樣做的。
所以，come hat in hand 常用來比喻“走投無路”、“窮困潦倒”、“有求于人”。
例如： Retired workers need not come hat in hand to ask for supplementary allowance. （退休工人就不必卑躬屈膝地請求追加補(bǔ)助費(fèi)了。）
愛屋及烏－中國成語故事中英對照
Love me, love my dog.愛屋及烏
There was a state called zhou (周) in the chinese history.
中國歷史上有一個國家名叫“周”。
One day, the king of zhou asked his officials for advice on deal with prisoners of war.
一天，周王問他的官員，應(yīng)該怎樣處理戰(zhàn)俘。
An official said, "i once heard if you love someone, you are intended to love even the crows on the roof of his house;if you hate someone, you are intended to hate even the walls and the parapets of his. The prisoners of war were enemies fighting against us. In my opinion, we'd better kill them all."
一個官員說：“我以前曾聽說：如果喜歡某個人，就連停留在那人住的屋頂上的烏鴉都喜歡；如果厭惡某個人，就連那人家里的墻壁和圍墻都厭惡。戰(zhàn)俘是我們的敵人，和我們是對立的，我覺得最好把他們?nèi)繗⒘恕！?/p>
But the king didn't agree with him."I think we should treat the prisoners of war differently by differing them into those who are guilty and those who are not. The guilty ones will be sentenced to death in order to avoid future disasters."Another official put forward his suggestion.
周王認(rèn)為這樣做不行。另外一個官員也提出了自己的意見：“依我看應(yīng)該把戰(zhàn)俘區(qū)分對待，把有罪的和無罪的、好的和壞的區(qū)分開來。有罪的戰(zhàn)俘要處死，不能留下禍患�！�
The king didn't think it was a proper way, either.
周王認(rèn)為這樣做也不大妥當(dāng)。
Then a third one said, "Your majesty, I think all the prisoners should be set free and sent back home to work in the fields and support themselves by their own labor. Moreover, you should keep strictly the rules for reward and punishment and treat your relatives and friends impartially.The people are sure to believe in you if you administer our country by morals and laws."
接著，又有一個官員說：“大王，我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把這些戰(zhàn)俘全都放了，讓他們回到自己的家里，耕種田地，自食其力。而大王對自己的親人和朋友，也要賞罰分明，不能偏心。通過道德和法律來治理國家，人民肯定會對大王信服的�！�
The king thought the official's proposal was quite reasonable so he accepted and followed it.As a result, the domestic situation soon settled down and gradually the country became more stable and stronger.
周王聽后覺得很有道理，就按這個辦法去做，結(jié)果國家真的很快安定下來了，變得越來越穩(wěn)定和強(qiáng)大。
The idiom is then used to mean that if you love someone,you'll love people and things relative to him as well.
成語“愛屋及烏”后來就被用來比喻：因?yàn)橄矏垡粋�人，連帶和他有關(guān)的人或事物也喜愛、關(guān)心。
【文化鏈接】
“愛屋及烏”的英語表達(dá)大家也一定都有所耳聞了吧~就是“Love me, love my dog.”字面意思就是“愛我，就要愛我的狗”，比喻一個人如果喜歡一樣事物或者人，他就會喜愛關(guān)于這個事物或是人的一切，也就是“愛屋及烏”的意思啦~
看電影學(xué)英語：《囚徒/私法爭鋒》
◎譯 名 囚徒/俘虜/私法爭鋒(臺)/罪迷宮(港)
◎片 名 Prisoners/Vangid/Zatvorenici
◎年 代 2013
◎國 家 美國
◎類 別 犯罪/劇情/驚悚
◎語 言 英語
◎字 幕 中英雙字幕
◎IMDB評分 8.1/10 from 134,574 users
◎?qū)?演 丹尼斯·維勒弗 Denis Villeneuve
◎主 演 休·杰克曼 Hugh Jackman ....Keller
杰克·吉倫哈爾 Jake Gyllenhaal ....Detective Loki
保羅·達(dá)諾 Paul Dano
維奧拉·戴維斯 Viola Davis ....Nancy Birch
梅麗莎·里奧 Melissa Leo
瑪麗亞·貝羅 Maria Bello ....Grace Dover
泰倫斯·霍華德 Terrence Dashon Howard
Fred Griffith ....Groggy Man
Jeff Pope ....Scott Milland
Dylan Minnette ....Ralph Dover
Victoria Staley ....Jill
J. Omar Castro
David Dastmalchian
Todd Truley ....Detective Chemelinksi
Brad James ....Carter
Katrina Despain ....Kim Milland
Jane McNeill ....Nurse
Kevin L. Johnson ....Forensic Tech
Kyla Drew Simmons ....Joy Birch
Erin Gerasimovich ....Anna Dover
Brody Rose ....Bud Brewer
Mike Gassaway ....Detective Rand
蘭·卡琉 Len Cariou ....Father Dunn
韋恩·杜瓦爾 Wayne Duvall ....Capt. Richard O'Malley
桑德拉·艾利絲·拉弗蒂 Sandra Ellis Lafferty ....Mrs. Milland
King ....Perpetrator
Tiffany Morgan ....Jane Brewer
Jason Davis ....Paul Brewer
安東尼·雷諾茲 Anthony Reynolds ....Officer Wedge
Zoe Borde ....Eliza
塔卡拉·克拉克 Takara Clark ....Captain O'Malley's Secretary
Andrew R. Kaplan ....Police Desk Clerk
Pam Smith ....Reporter #1
Andrew Fincher ....Uniform Officer
Sharon McHenryPower ....Neighbor
Tom Thon ....Gray Haired Old Man
Ryan-Iver Klann ....Doctor
C.C. Ice ....Search and Rescue Volunteer
Michelle Keller ....Woman at Vigil
Taylor McPherson ....Concerned Neighbor
Josh Turner ....Perpetrator
Gloria Webber ....Reporter #2
Melvin Breedlove ....Busboy
Mary Shaw ....Neighbor Woman
Michael J. Walker ....Emergency Medical Technician
Todd Bellinger ....Concerned Neighbor
Dave Moro ....Precision Driver
Lana Yoo ....Chinese Waitress
Isaiah Motz ....Search and Rescue Volunteer
Jordan M. Sloane ....Man on bridge (uncredited)
Chance Bartels ....Paparazzi photographer
Faith Dillon ....Reporter #3
Alisa Harris ....Police Clerk
Stacy Melich ....Woman Motorist
Robert C. Treveiler ....Forensics Guy
Brian Daye ....Desk Sergeant
Robert Mello ....Roger
Rodrick Goins ....Sex Offender #2
Mark Drum ....Sex Offender #3
John Atwood ....Newscaster
◎簡 介
住在小鎮(zhèn)的木匠凱勒（休·杰克曼飾）的六歲女兒安娜，以及她朋友喬伊一同失蹤了，兩對父母心中的恐懼可想而知。唯一的線索，是在孩子們失蹤之前，停在同一條街上的一輛破舊的休旅車。負(fù)責(zé)偵辦此案的警探羅基逮捕了休旅車的主人艾利斯，但卻因?yàn)闆]有充足的證據(jù)，而在四十八小時之后，依法將他釋放。
就當(dāng)警方繼續(xù)追蹤其他可能的線索時，案情陷入膠著，清楚地知道自己孩子命在旦夕的凱勒，決定親自“動手”，因?yàn)樗麤]有選擇。他把艾利斯偷偷捉起來，動以私刑，希望對方供出孩子們的下落；喬伊的父母雖然沒有幫助凱勒的行為，但是知情的他們也沒有阻止。隨著救命黃金時效日漸減少，為了知道女兒的下落，這位發(fā)瘋的父親到底會作出什么恐怖的舉動呢？
機(jī)械英漢雙語詞匯學(xué)習(xí) 86
stop pin定位銷
round pierce punch=die button圓沖子
shape punch=die 異形子
stock locater block定位塊
under cut=scrap chopper清角
active plate活動板
baffle plate擋塊
cover plate蓋板
male die公模
female die母模
groove punch壓線沖子
air-cushion eject-rod氣墊頂桿
spring-box eject-plate彈簧箱頂板
bushing block襯套
入塊
club car高爾夫球車
capability能力
parameter參數(shù)
factor系數(shù)
phosphate皮膜化成
viscosity涂料粘度
alkalidipping脫脂
main manifold主集流脈
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