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成功的經(jīng)歷英語演講
成功的經(jīng)歷英語演講1
Thank you, thank you, President Faust, and Paul Choi, thank you so much.
非常感謝Faust校長、Paul Choi校長，謝謝你們。
It's an honor and a thrill to address this group of distinguished alumni and supportive friends and kvelling parents. We've all gathered to share in the joy of this day, so please join me in congratulating Harvard's Class of 20xx.
非常榮幸能被邀請成為哈佛20xx年畢業(yè)典禮的演講嘉賓，在眾位優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生、熱情的朋友和諸位家長前做演講。今天讓我們一起，祝賀20xx屆哈佛畢業(yè)生順利畢業(yè)。
I can remember my own college graduation, which is easy, since it was only 14 years ago. How many of you took 37 years to graduate? Because, like most of you, I began college in my teens, but sophomore year, I was offered my dream job at Universal Studios, so I dropped out. I told my parents if my movie career didn't go well, I'd re-enroll.
我記得我自己的大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮，這不難，因為就是20xx年以前的事情。你們當中的多少人花了37年才畢業(yè)?因為就像你們中的多數(shù)人，我在十幾歲時進入大學(xué)，但是大二的時候我從環(huán)球影城獲得了我的夢想工作，所以我休學(xué)了。我跟我的父母說，如果我的電影事業(yè)不順，我會重新上學(xué)的。
It went all right.
我的電影事業(yè)發(fā)展得還行。
But eventually, I returned for one big reason. Most people go to college for an education, and some go for their parents, but I went for my kids. I'm the father of seven, and I kept insisting on the importance of going to college, but I hadn't walked the walk. So, in my fifties, I re-enrolled at Cal State - Long Beach, and I earned my degree.
但是我最后還是回到了學(xué)校，主要為了一個原因。很多人為了獲得教育去上大學(xué)，有的人為了父母上大學(xué)，而我是為了我的孩子去上的。我是7個孩子的爸爸，我總是不斷強調(diào)上大學(xué)的重要性，可我自己都沒上過。所以在我50多歲的時候，我重新進入加州州立大學(xué)長灘分校，獲得了學(xué)位。
I just have to add: It helped that they gave me course credit in paleontology for the work I did on Jurassic Park. That's three units for Jurassic Park, thank you.
我必須補充一點，我獲得學(xué)位的一個原因是學(xué)校為我在《侏羅紀公園》里所做的，給我了考古學(xué)學(xué)分�！顿_紀公園》換得了3個學(xué)分，非常感謝。
Well, I left college because I knew exactly what I wanted to do, and some of you know, too - but some of you don't. Or maybe you thought you knew but are now questioning that choice. Maybe you're sitting there trying to figure out how to tell your parents that you want to be a doctor and not a comedy writer.
我離開大學(xué)是因為我很清楚地知道我想要做什么。你們中的一些人也知道，但是有些人還沒弄明白�；蛘吣阋詾槟阒�，但是現(xiàn)在開始質(zhì)疑這個決定�；蛘吣阕谶@里，試著想要怎么告訴你的父母，你想要成為一名醫(yī)生，而不是喜劇編劇。
Well, what you choose to do next is what we call in the movies the 'character-defining moment.' Now, these are moments you're very familiar with, like in the last Star Wars: The Force Awakens, when Rey realizes the force is with her. Or Indiana Jones choosing mission over fear by jumping over a pile of snakes.
你接下來要做的事情，在我們這行叫做"定義角色的時刻"。這些是你非常熟悉的場景，例如在最近的一部《星球大戰(zhàn)：原力覺醒》里女主角Rey發(fā)現(xiàn)自己擁有原力的一刻�；蛘咴凇秺Z寶奇兵》里印第安納·瓊斯選擇戰(zhàn)勝恐懼跳過蛇堆，繼續(xù)任務(wù)的時候。
Now in a two-hour movie, you get a handful of character-defining moments, but in real life, you face them every day. Life is one strong, long string of character-defining moments. And I was lucky that at 18 I knew what I exactly wanted to do. But I didn't know who I was. How could I? And how could any of us? Because for the first 25 years of our lives, we are trained to listen to voices that are not our own. Parents and professors fill our heads with wisdom and information, and then employers and mentors take their place and explain how this world really works.
一部兩小時的電影里有幾個定義角色的時刻，但是在真實的生活中，你每天都在面對這樣的時刻。生活就是一長串強大的定義角色的時刻。我非常幸運在18歲時就知道我想要做什么。但是我并不知道我是誰。我怎么可能知道呢?我們中任何人都不知道。因為在生命的頭一個20xx年里，我們被訓(xùn)練去傾聽除自己以外的人的聲音。父母和教授們把智慧和信息塞進我們的腦袋，然后換上雇主和導(dǎo)師來向我們解釋這個世界到底是怎么一回事。
And usually these voices of authority make sense, but sometimes, doubt starts to creep into our heads and into our hearts. And even when we think, 'that's not quite how I see the world,' it's kind of easier to just to nod in agreement and go along, and for a while, I let that going along define my character. Because I was repressing my own point of view, because like in that Nilsson song, 'Everybody was talkin' at me, so I couldn't hear the echoes of my mind.'
通常這些權(quán)威人物的聲音是有道理的，但是有些時候，質(zhì)疑會爬進你的腦子和心里。就算我們覺得"這好像不太是我看世界的方式"，點頭表示贊同也是更容易做的事情，有段時間我就讓"附和"定義了我。因為我壓抑了自己的想法，因為就像尼爾森歌里唱的一樣："每個人都在對我說話，所以我聽不見我思考的回聲。"
And at first, the internal voice I needed to listen to was hardly audible, and it was hardly noticeable - kind of like me in high school. But then I started paying more attention, and my intuition kicked in.
一開始，我需要傾聽的內(nèi)心的聲音幾乎一聲不響，也難以察覺——就像高中時的我。但是之后我開始更加注意這些聲音，然后我的直覺開始工作。
And I want to be clear that your intuition is different from your conscience. They work in tandem, but here's the distinction: Your conscience shouts, 'here's what you should do,' while your intuition whispers, 'here's what you could do.' Listen to that voice that tells you what you could do. Nothing will define your character more than that.
我想告訴你，你的直覺和你的良心是兩個不同的事物。它們會協(xié)力工作，但這是它們的不同：你的良心會呼喊"你應(yīng)當去做這個"，而你的直覺只會低語"你是可以這樣做的"。傾聽那個告訴你你能怎么去做的聲音。沒有什么比這更能定義你的角色的了。
Because once I turned to my intuition, and I tuned into it, certain projects began to pull me into them, and others, I turned away from.
因為我一旦會聽從我的直覺，我就會全力投入到一些項目中去，而放棄其它。
And up until the 1980s, my movies were mostly, I guess what you could call 'escapist.' And I don't dismiss any of these movies - not even 1941. Not even that one. And many of these early films reflected the values that I cared deeply about, and I still do. But I was in a celluloid bubble, because I'd cut my education short, my worldview was limited to what I could dream up in my head, not what the world could teach me.
直到19世紀80年代時，我電影中的大多數(shù)，我猜你們可以稱之為"逃避現(xiàn)實"。我不會拒絕任何這些電影的邀約，不只是《1941》。不止那一部，很多早期電影反映了我當時內(nèi)心的價值觀，如今我仍然在這樣做。但我當時處于自己的電影泡沫中，因為我的輟學(xué)，我受限的世界觀部分來自于我的想象，而不是外界教會我的。
But then I directed The Color Purple. And this one film opened my eyes to experiences that I never could have imagined, and yet were all too real. This story was filled with deep pain and deeper truths, like when Shug Avery says, 'Everything wants to be loved.' My gut, which was my intuition, told me that more people needed to meet these characters and experience these truths. And while making that film, I realized that a movie could also be a mission.
當我執(zhí)導(dǎo)《紫色》的時候，這部電影讓我體驗了我從未想象過，卻如此真實的一些感受。這個故事充滿了深深的痛苦和更深一部的真理，就像Shug Avery說"任何一個東西都想被愛著。"我的直覺告訴我，更多的人需要來認識這樣的角色，來體驗這樣的真理。在導(dǎo)演這部電影時，我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)一部電影也可以是一個使命。
I hope all of you find that sense of mission. Don't turn away from what's painful. Examine it. Challenge it.
我希望你們所有人都能找到這樣的使命感。不要避讓讓你痛苦的事情。研究它、挑戰(zhàn)它。
My job is to create a world that lasts two hours. Your job is to create a world that lasts forever. You are the future innovators, motivators, leaders and caretakers.
我的工作是要構(gòu)筑一個維持兩小時的世界。你的工作是要建一個會一直持續(xù)的世界。你們是未來的創(chuàng)新者、激勵者、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和守護者。
And the way you create a better future is by studying the past. Jurassic Park writer Michael Crichton, who graduated from both this college and this medical school, liked to quote a favorite professor of his who said that if you didn't know history, you didn't know anything. You were a leaf that didn't know it was part of a tree. So history majors: Good choice, you're in great in the job market, but culturally.
你們要研究過去，才能建設(shè)一個更好的未來�！顿_紀公園》的編劇Michael Crichton是從這所大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)的。他喜歡引用他最喜歡的.一位教授的話，他說如果你不懂得歷史，那么你一無所知。你是一片樹葉，不知道自己只是樹的一部分。所以主修歷史的同學(xué)們，很棒的選擇，你的前景不錯…不是說在招聘市場上啊，從文化上來說的話。
The rest of us have to make a little effort. Social media that we're inundated and swarmed with is about the here and now. But I've been fighting and fighting inside my own family to get all my kids to look behind them, to look at what already has happened. Because to understand who they are is to understand who we were, and who their grandparents were, and then, what this country was like when they emigrated here. We are a nation of immigrants - at least for now.
我們剩下的其它人就需要努點力了。淹沒和吞噬我們的社交媒體只關(guān)乎當下。但是我自己和家人都不斷嘗試，讓我所有的孩子們能透過這些，去看過去發(fā)生過的事情。因為要知道他們是誰，就要去理解他們曾經(jīng)是誰，他們的祖父母是誰，以及當他們移民到這個國家來的時候，這個國家到底是什么樣。我們是一個移民國家——至少現(xiàn)在還是。
So, to me, this means we all have to tell our own stories. We have so many stories to tell. Talk to your parents and your grandparents, if you can, and ask them about their stories. And I promise you, like I have promised my kids, you will not be bored.
所以對我來說，這意味著我們每個人都有自己的故事可講，有很多故事可講。如果可以的話，和你的父母、祖父母聊聊天，聽聽他們的故事。我保證，就像我向我的孩子保證的一樣，一定收獲頗豐，絕對不會無聊。
And that's why I so often make movies based on real-life events. I look to history not to be didactic, 'cause that's just a bonus, but I look because the past is filled with the greatest stories that have ever been told. Heroes and villains are not literary constructs, but they're at the heart of all history.
這就是為什么我經(jīng)常就會導(dǎo)演由真實事件改編的電影。我回顧歷史并不是為了說教，這是額外的獎勵，我回顧歷史因為過去充滿了那些從來沒被講述出來的偉大故事。英雄和壞人不是文學(xué)塑造出來的，而是在一切歷史的最中心。
And again, this is why it's so important to listen to your internal whisper. It's the same one that compelled Abraham Lincoln and Oskar Schindler to make the correct moral choices. In your defining moments, do not let your morals be swayed by convenience or expediency. Sticking to your character requires a lot of courage. And to be courageous, you're going to need a lot of support.
所以，這就是為什么傾聽你內(nèi)心的低語非常重要。這與驅(qū)使亞伯拉罕·林肯和奧斯卡·辛德勒去做正確的道德選擇的東西是一樣的。在屬于你的"定義角色的時刻"里，不要讓你的道德被便利或者私利左右。忠于你的角色需要很多的勇氣，變得勇敢，你又需要很多的支持。
And if you're lucky, you have parents like mine. I consider my mom my lucky charm. And when I was 12 years old, my father handed me a movie camera, the tool that allowed me to make sense of this world. And I am so grateful to him for that. And I am grateful that he's here at Harvard, sitting right down there.
如果你足夠幸運，你會有像我父母一樣開明的父母。我把母親看做我的幸運女神。12歲時，我父親給了我一個電影攝像機，也是因為有了這個，我可以更好地去感知這個世界，我很感謝我的父親。現(xiàn)在我很感激父親也來到哈佛，坐在這里。
My dad is 99 years old, which means he's only one year younger than Widener Library. But unlike Widener, he's had zero cosmetic work. And dad, there's a lady behind you, also 99, and I'll introduce you after this is over, okay?
我父親今年99歲了，只比懷德納圖書館(哈佛最大的圖書館今年120xx年)年輕1歲，但不像這個圖書館可以翻新，父親已垂垂老矣。另外，父親，在你身后有一位99歲的女士，這個之后我會介紹你給她，好嗎?
But look, if your family's not always available, there's backup. Near the end of It's a Wonderful Life - you remember that movie, It's a Wonderful Life? Clarence the Angel inscribes a book with this: "No man is a failure who has friends." And I hope you hang on to the friendships you've made here at Harvard. And among your friends, I hope you find someone you want to share your life with. I imagine some of you in this yard may be a tad cynical, but I want to be unapologetically sentimental. I spoke about the importance of intuition and how there's no greater voice to follow. That is, until you meet the love of your life. And this is what happened when I met and married Kate, and that became the greatest character-defining moment of my life.
但是，如果你的家人并不總是支持你，還有B計劃。在《生活多美好》劇終前，天使Clarence在一本書上題寫了這句話："有朋友的人，不會是生活的失敗者。"我希望你們會珍惜在哈佛建立的這些友誼。而在你的朋友之中，我希望你們找個能分享你生活的另一半。我猜想你們中的一些人對此會會抱有懷疑，但是我表現(xiàn)出的感性毫無歉意。我說了直覺的重要性，以及除了直覺沒有更值得追隨的聲音。這是指在你遇到你一生最愛之前。我與妻子相戀并結(jié)婚的經(jīng)歷就是如此，這成為了我生活中最重要的"定義角色的時刻"。
Love, support, courage, intuition. All of these things are in your hero's quiver, but still, a hero needs one more thing: A hero needs a villain to vanquish. And you're all in luck. This world is full of monsters. And there's racism, homophobia, ethnic hatred, class hatred, there's political hatred, and there's religious hatred.
愛、支持、勇氣、直覺。所有的這些都在你英雄的箭袋之中，但是英雄還需要一件東西——英雄需要一個去征服的壞人。而你們所有人都很走運，這個世界充滿了怪物。有種族歧視、恐同、種族仇恨、階級仇恨，還有政治仇恨和宗教仇恨。
As a kid, I was bullied - for being Jewish. This was upsetting, but compared to what my parents and grandparents had faced, it felt tame. Because we truly believed that anti-Semitism was fading. And we were wrong. Over the last two years, nearly 20,000 Jews have left Europe to find higher ground. And earlier this year, I was at the Israeli embassy when President Obama stated the sad truth. He said: 'We must confront the reality that around the world, anti-Semitism is on the rise. We cannot deny it.'
還是孩子的時候，我因為是猶太人而被起伏。這讓人喪氣，但是與我父母和祖父母曾經(jīng)面對的事情比起來，這很平淡。我們都真正相信反猶太運動正在衰退，但我們錯了。在過去兩年間，有大約兩萬猶太人離開歐洲尋找生存之地。今年早些時候，我在以色列大使館聽奧巴馬總統(tǒng)陳述了一個悲慘的現(xiàn)實。他說："反猶太運動的增勢發(fā)生在全球各地，這是我們需要面對的事實。我們不能否認它。"
My own desire to confront that reality compelled me to start, in 1994, the Shoah Foundation. And since then, we've spoken to over 53,000 Holocaust survivors and witnesses in 63 countries and taken all their video testimonies. And we're now gathering testimonies from genocides in Rwanda, Cambodia, Armenia and Nanking. Because we must never forget that the inconceivable doesn't happen - it happens frequently. Atrocities are happening right now. And so we wonder not just, 'When will this hatred end?' but, 'How did it begin?'
我正視這一事實的強烈愿望驅(qū)使我從1994年成立了大屠殺真相基金會，從那以后我們采訪了63個國家5.3萬名大屠殺的幸存者或目擊者，錄制了他們所有人的證詞�，F(xiàn)在我們還在收集盧旺達、柬埔寨、亞美尼亞以及南京大屠殺的證詞。因為我們永遠都不要忘記那些難以想象的罪惡會發(fā)生，并且時有發(fā)生。暴行也仍在發(fā)生。所以我們不能只去想"仇恨什么時候才會停止?"而是"它是怎么開始的?"。
Now, I don't have to tell a crowd of Red Sox fans that we are wired for tribalism. But beyond rooting for the home team, tribalism has a much darker side. Instinctively and maybe even genetically, we pide the world into 'us' and 'them.' So the burning question must be: How do all of us together find the 'we?' How do we do that? There's still so much work to be done, and sometimes I feel the work hasn't even begun. And it's not just anti-Semitism that's surging - Islamophobia's on the rise, too. Because there's no difference between anyone who is discriminated against, whether it's the Muslims, or the Jews, or minorities on the border states, or the LGBT community - it is all big one hate.
我想我并不需要向一群紅襪隊的球迷解釋我們?yōu)槭裁磿䲟肀Р柯湮幕�。但是在為主隊加油之外，部落文化有它更陰暗的一面。本能地或者由基因決定，我們把世界分成"我們"和"他們"。所以棘手的問題是，我們所有人能共同發(fā)現(xiàn)"我們"?我們應(yīng)當如何去做?仍舊有許多的工作要做，有的時候我甚至覺得這一事業(yè)還沒開始。這不僅僅是指反猶太運動抬頭，伊斯蘭恐懼癥也在抬頭。因為那些被歧視的人群之間是沒有區(qū)別的，不管他們是穆斯林、猶太人、邊境州里的弱勢人群，或者是同性戀、雙性戀及變性者社群——他們遭受的都是同樣的仇恨。
And to me, and, I think, to all of you, the only answer to more hate is more humanity. We gotta repair - we have to replace fear with curiosity. 'Us' and 'them' - we'll find the 'we' by connecting with each other. And by believing that we're members of the same tribe. And by feeling empathy for every soul - even Yalies.
對我來說，我想對你們也一樣，只能用更多的人性來對抗更多的仇恨。我們需要修護，用好奇來替代恐懼。不排斥異己，我們通過建立人與人的聯(lián)系來找到共同的"我們"。我們要相信我們是同一個部落的成員。我們對所有的人都要有同情心——哪怕對"友校"耶魯人也要如此。
My son graduated from Yale, thank you…
我的兒子就是從耶魯畢業(yè)的，謝謝…
But make sure this empathy isn't just something that you feel. Make it something you act upon. That means vote. Peaceably protest. Speak up for those who can't and speak up for those who may be shouting but aren't being hard. Let your conscience shout as loud as it wants if you're using it in the service of others.
但是你要確認你的同理心不只是你的感受。讓它是你采取行動的誘因。這是指參加投票、和平地抗議、為那些不能為自己發(fā)聲或者已經(jīng)聲嘶力竭卻無法讓人注意的人發(fā)聲。讓你的良心大聲疾呼吧，如果是為了服務(wù)于他們。
And as an example of action in service of others, you need to look no further than this Hollywood-worthy backdrop of Memorial Church. Its south wall bears the names of Harvard alumni - like President Faust has already mentioned - students and faculty members, who gave their lives in World War II. All told, 697 souls, who once tread the ground where stand now, were lost. And at a service in this church in late 1945, Harvard President James Conant - which President Faust also mentioned - honored the brave and called upon the community to 'reflect the radiance of their deeds.'
作為為他人服務(wù)的行動榜樣，你只需要看看這像好萊塢背景一般的紀念教堂。它的南墻上是哈佛校友們的名字，福斯特校長已經(jīng)說過，他們是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中獻身的哈佛學(xué)生和教師們。697個人，他們曾經(jīng)在你站著的地方逗留過，697條生命逝去。在1945年紀念教堂舉行的追思會上，柯南特校長紀念這些勇敢的人們，并號召哈佛人身上要"反射出他們壯舉的榮光"。
Seventy years later, this message still holds true. Because their sacrifice is not a debt that can be repaid in a single generation. It must be repaid with every generation. Just as we must never forget the atrocities, we must never forget those who fought for freedom. So as you leave this college and head out into the world, continue please to 'reflect the radiance of their deeds,' or as Captain Miller in Saving Private Ryan would say, "Earn this."
70年后，這句話仍然適用。因為他們所做出的犧牲不是一代人就能報答的。每一代人都應(yīng)該報答他們。就像我們永遠不該忘記那些惡行，我們永遠也不應(yīng)當忘記那些為自由而戰(zhàn)的人。所以當你離開這所學(xué)校進入世界，請繼續(xù)"反射出他們壯舉的榮光"，或者像《拯救大兵瑞恩》里米勒上尉說的"別辜負大家"。
And please stay connected. Please never lose eye contact. This may not be a lesson you want to hear from a person who creates media, but we are spending more time looking down at our devices than we are looking in each other's eyes. So, forgive me, but let's start right now. Everyone here, please find someone's eyes to look into. Students, and alumni and you too, President Faust, all of you, turn to someone you don't know or don't know very well. They may be standing behind you, or a couple of rows ahead. Just let your eyes meet. That's it. That emotion you're feeling is our shared humanity mixed in with a little social discomfort.
此外，請保持彼此的聯(lián)系，別避而不見。這可能不是你想從一個創(chuàng)作媒體的人這里聽的一課，但是我們花越來越多的時間低頭看手機，而不是注視別人的眼睛。所以請原諒我，現(xiàn)在所有人，請找一雙眼睛深刻凝視。學(xué)生們、校友們都是，福斯特校長、你們所有人，轉(zhuǎn)向一位你不認識或者不熟悉的人，對視，僅此而已。你所感受到的使我們共同擁有的人性，混進去了一絲社交不適感。
But, if you remember nothing else from today, I hope you remember this moment of human connection. And I hope you all had a lot of that over the past four years. Because today you start down the path of becoming the generation on which the next generation stands. And I've imagined many possible futures in my films, but you will determine the actual future. And I hope that it's filled with justice and peace.
如果你今天別的什么都沒記住，我希望你能記住這一刻人與人之間的聯(lián)系。我希望過去四年中，你們經(jīng)歷了很多的這樣的時刻。因為從今天開始，你們會像前輩一樣，托舉起下一輩人。我在我的電影里幻想過很多種不同的未來，但是你們會決定未來的實際樣子。我希望，這樣的未來充滿公正與和平。
And finally, I wish you all a true, Hollywood-style happy ending. I hope you outrun the T. rex, catch the criminal and for your parents' sake, maybe every now and then, just like E.T.: Go home. Thank you.
最后，我祝愿大家好萊塢式的大團圓結(jié)局成真。祝你們能跑過暴龍、抓住罪犯，為了你們的父母，也別忘了像E.T.那樣�；丶铱纯�。謝謝。
成功的經(jīng)歷英語演講2
President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduates: I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: "Dad, I always told you I’d come back and get my degree."
尊敬的博克校長，前校長魯?shù)撬固�，即將上任的佛斯特校長，哈佛集團和監(jiān)察理事會的各位成員。各位老師，各位家長，各位同學(xué)：有句話我憋了30年，今天終于能一吐為快了：""爸我沒騙你吧，文憑到手了!"
I want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. I’ll be changing my job next year … and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my résumé.
我由衷地感謝哈佛這個時候給我這個榮譽。明年我要換工作(退休)。我終于能在簡歷里注明自己有大學(xué)學(xué)歷了。
I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degrees. For my part, I’m just happy that the Crimson has called me "Harvard’s most successful dropout." I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special class … I did the best of everyone who failed.
我要恭喜今年的畢業(yè)生們，因為你們畢業(yè)比我順利多了。其實我倒是很樂意克萊姆森把我喚作"哈佛大學(xué)最成功的輟學(xué)生"。這大概是我脫穎而出的法寶……我是輟學(xué)生中的領(lǐng)頭羊。
But I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out of business school. I’m a bad influence. That’s why I was invited to speak at your graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be here today.
我還要檢討一下史蒂夫-鮑爾默也是受我蠱惑從商學(xué)院退學(xué)。我劣跡斑斑。這就是為什么我會受邀參加畢業(yè)演講。如果是開學(xué)典禮，恐怕今天的人會少很多。
Harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me. Academic life was fascinating. I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn’t even signed up for. And dorm life was terrific. I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House. There were always lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyone knew I didn’t worry about getting up in the morning. That’s how I came to be the leader of the antisocial group. We clung to each other as a way of validating our rejection of all those social people.
哈佛是我生命里的一段非凡經(jīng)歷。校園生活格外充實，我旁聽過很多沒有選過的課程。住宿的日子也很爽我當時住在拉德克利夫的柯里爾宿舍，總是很多人在我的寢室討論到深夜。大家知道我屬于夜行動物。就這樣，我成為了這堆人的頭目。我們粘在一起，擺出拒絕社交的姿態(tài)。
Radcliffe was a great place to live. There were more women up there, and most of the guys were science-math types. That combination offered me the best odds, if you know what I mean. This is where I learned the sad lesson that improving your odds doesn’t guarantee success.
拉德克利夫是個好地方。那里的女生比男生多，男生們大多都是科學(xué)怪人。所以我的機會來了，你懂的�？赏瑫r我也明白了一個道理——機會大也不能保證成功。
One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, When I made a call from Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the world’s first personal computers. I offered to sell them software.
1975年1月在哈佛打出的一通電話讓我畢生難忘。我打給位于阿爾伯克基的一個公司，那家公司當時著手制造世界上第一臺個人電腦。我說我想出售軟件給他們。
I worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up on me. Instead they said: "We’re not quite ready, come see us in a month," which was a good thing, because we hadn’t written the software yet. From that moment, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Microsoft.
我擔心他們會因為我學(xué)生身份而掛掉電話。但他們只是說："現(xiàn)在還沒有準備好請一個月后再聯(lián)系我們。"我長舒一口氣，壓根我們就沒開工。從那時起我不分晝夜地趕工它是我大學(xué)生活結(jié)束的標志，也是微軟偉大旅程的開始。
What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much energy and intelligence. It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even discouraging, but always challenging. It was an amazing privilege and though I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made, and the ideas I worked on.
哈佛的獨特氛圍讓我充滿精力和智慧。這里的日子可能振奮快樂、也可能令人退縮沮喪，但永遠充滿了挑戰(zhàn)，神奇的體驗!雖然我提前離開了這里，但是這段經(jīng)歷對我影響重大。
But taking a serious look back … I do have one big regret.
不過說心里話……我確實有一點遺憾。
I left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world - the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn millions of people to lives of despair.
我離開哈佛時，根本沒有意識到這個世界是多么地不平等。健康、財富、機遇差異懸殊，數(shù)以百萬計的人生活在絕望之中。
I learned a lot here at Harvard about new ideas in economics and politics. I got great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.
我在哈佛觸摸著經(jīng)濟政治中的新思想，探索科學(xué)技術(shù)的未知前沿。
But humanity’s greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how those discoveries are applied to reduce inequity. Whether through democracy, strong public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – reducing inequity is the highest human achievement.
但是，人類的進步不在于這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)，而在于如何運用這些發(fā)現(xiàn)減少社會不公。不管是通過民主政策、健全的公共教育、高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療保健還是廣泛的商機，消除不平等始終是人類最大的目標。
I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of educational opportunities here in this country. And I knew nothing about the millions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing countries. It took me decades to find out.
離開校園的時候，根本不知道在美國上百萬年輕人沒有接受教育的機會。也對發(fā)展中國家被貧困和病痛折磨的人們一無所知。我花了幾十年才明白這些事情。
You graduates came to Harvard at a different time. You know more about the world’s inequities than the classes that came before. In your years here, I hope you’ve had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technology – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them.
如今，在座的各位應(yīng)該比我更了解世界上的這些不平等現(xiàn)象。在你們的求學(xué)之路上我希望你們已經(jīng)思考過這個問題——如何在這個高速發(fā)展的時代解決不平等現(xiàn)象。
Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and a few dollars a month to donate to a cause and you wanted to spend that time and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving lives. Where would you spend it?
試想一下如果你每周捐出幾個小時，幾塊錢，來參與一項能夠拯救生命和提高生活品質(zhì)的項目，你會如何選擇?
For Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good for the greatest number with the resources we have.
我和妻子梅琳達就面臨著這樣一個問題：怎樣才能充分利用我們擁有的資源。
During our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about the millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from diseases that we had long ago made harmless in this country. Measles, malaria, pneumonia, hepatitis B, yellow fever. One disease I had never even heard of, rotavirus, was killing half a million kids each year- none of them in the United States.
舉棋不定時我們讀到一篇文章，文章里說在貧困的國家里，每年有數(shù)百萬，兒童死于于美國早已戰(zhàn)勝的疾病——麻疹、瘧疾、肺炎、乙肝、黃熱病，還有一種從未聽說的輪狀病毒每年會奪走五十萬兒童的生命，而在美國沒有一例死亡病例。
We were shocked. We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying and they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and deliver the medicines to save them. But it did not. For under a dollar, there were interventions that could save lives that just weren’t being delivered.
當時我們就震驚了。我以為全世界會不遺余力地拯救這些在死亡線上掙扎的兒童們，然而這些不值錢的'救命藥卻沒有送到他們手中。
If you believe that every life has equal value, it’s revolting to learn that some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: "This can’t be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our giving."
如果你堅信人生而平等，把生命分等級的做法簡直令人發(fā)指。我們對自己說："這絕不可能。但萬一這是真的，那么這將成為我們慈善事業(yè)的首要任務(wù)。
So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it. We asked: "How could the world let these children die?"
于是我們開始行動了我相信這也會是你們的選擇。我們疑惑："這個世界怎么可以眼睜睜看著這些孩子死去?"
The answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died because their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice in the system. But you and I have both. We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more creative capitalism.
答案簡單卻殘酷。市場經(jīng)濟中，拯救兒童沒有利潤，政府也不會給予補貼。父母無財無權(quán)孩子們就死了。我們不一樣，我們可以讓市場更好地為窮人服務(wù)，如果我們可以改進現(xiàn)有資本主義制度。
If we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are suffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the people who pay the taxes.
改善市場環(huán)境，讓更多的人賺到錢、維持生計，緩解苦難。給世界各地的政府施壓讓他們把納稅人的錢花到最值得的地方。采取一些既滿足滿足窮人的需求，又能帶來商業(yè)利潤并為政治家?guī)磉x票的措施。
If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the task is open-ended. It can never be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the world.
采取一些既滿足滿足窮人的需求，又能帶來商業(yè)利潤并為政治家?guī)磉x票的措施，我們就摸索到了減少世界不平等的可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路。然而這項任務(wù)并沒有終點，我們也許無法徹底解決。但只要不懈努力，就可以改變世界。
I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is no hope. They say: "Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will be with us till the end – because people just … don’t … care." I completely disagree.
我始終保持樂觀。但也聽到過消極的言論。他們認為："這種不平等現(xiàn)象會伴隨我們一生，因為人們漠視這一切。"但我不茍同。
I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with. All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing, not because we didn’t care, but because we didn’t know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would have acted.
雖然我們不知道該如何幫助他們，但我們絕對有這份心。我們都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷，看到令人心碎的悲劇，卻沒有伸出援手。不是因為冷漠而是我們不知道該怎么做。如果我們知道如何去幫，就一定會采取行動。
The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity. To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact. But complexity blocks all three steps.
阻礙援助步伐的并非冷漠，而是世界太復(fù)雜。要把愛心轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆樱覀兪紫纫l(fā)掘問題，然后尋找解決方案，并且監(jiān)測效果。然而世界的復(fù)雜性阻礙著這些步驟的實施。
Even with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex enterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, officials immediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, determine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.
即使有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和24小時不間斷的新聞，人們?nèi)匀缓茈y看到真正的問題。一架飛機發(fā)生墜毀事故，官員們會立刻召開新聞發(fā)布會，承諾調(diào)查起因，以避免今后發(fā)生類似的事故。
But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: "Of all the people in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent of them were on this plane. We’re determined to do everything possible to solve the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent." The bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable deaths.
但如果那些官員敢講真話，他們會說："全世界每天會有好多人含恨而終，這起空難只是冰山一角。我們會不惜一切代價解決削平這一角冰山，此外的問題我們無力解決。"可是與空難相比，那些奪走數(shù)百萬生命的問題則更為嚴重。
We don’t read much about these deaths. The media covers what’s new – and millions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where it’s easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, it’s difficult to keep our eyes on the problem. It’s hard to look at suffering if the situation is so complex that we don’t know how to help. And so we look away.
事實上那些人的死輕如鴻毛，司空見慣，連媒體都不屑于報道。更無法吸引我們的注意。即使我們知道了它也很難刺痛我們的神經(jīng)。世間最痛苦的事莫過于看著他人經(jīng)受苦難的卻無能為力，于是我們選擇了逃避。
If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.
發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，只是邁出了第一步，接下來我們還要：尋找解決方案。
Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "How can I help?," then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.
如果不想讓愛心變成空談，就必須找到問題的解決方案。如果有清晰可靠的方案，那么政府或個人組織就能立刻采取行動，將愛心落實。但是世界的復(fù)雜性使找尋方案的過程無比艱難于是愛心才淪為空談。
Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have whether it’s something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.
打破復(fù)雜性需要四個步驟：確定目標、找到最有效的途徑、尋找最理想的技術(shù)，并合理利用現(xiàn)有技術(shù)。無論是制作復(fù)雜的藥物，還是利用簡單的蚊帳，都行。
The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what we have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting people to avoid risky behavior.
以艾滋病為例。我們的目標是消滅它。最有效的途徑是預(yù)防，最理想的技術(shù)是注射一劑疫苗實現(xiàn)終身免疫。所以現(xiàn)在政府、制藥公司、基金會都在資助疫苗的研究。但可能要十幾年才能研究出來，所以目前的最好的預(yù)防措施就是避開那些可能傳播艾滋病的行為。
Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again. This is the pattern. The crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we did with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender to complexity and quit.
四步循環(huán)直達目標。記住永遠不要停止思考和行動——永遠不要像人們在20世紀對待瘧疾和肺結(jié)核那樣，向疾病投降。
The final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to measure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that others learn from your efforts.
在發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并找到解決方法后，還需監(jiān)測結(jié)果，并與他人分享成功的經(jīng)驗和失敗的教訓(xùn)，讓別人也能從中受益。
You have to have the statistics, of course. You have to be able to show that a program is vaccinating millions more children. You have to be able to show a decline in the number of children dying from these diseases. This is essential not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from business and government.
當然，你還得有統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。用來證明你的項目為上百萬兒童接種了疫苗，證明這些孩子的死亡率降低了。這不僅有利于項目的改進，也有助于吸引更多的企業(yè)和政府投資。
But if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than numbers. You have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel what saving a life means to the families affected.
但如果想吸引更多的人參與進來，光靠數(shù)字還遠遠不夠。你需要展示出項目承載的價值，讓他們明白挽救一個生命對其家庭的意義。
Remember going to Davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel that was discussing ways to save millions of lives. Millions! Think of the thrill of saving just one person’s life – then multiply that by millions. Yet this was the most boring panel I’ve ever been on – ever. So boring even I couldn’t bear it.
我記得幾年前去達沃斯參加全球健康討論會，關(guān)于如何挽救數(shù)百萬人的生命。數(shù)百萬人!只要想想挽救一條生命帶來的震撼，再把這種震撼乘上幾百萬倍是什么感覺!然而，那是我見過的最無聊的討論會。
What made that experience especially striking was that I had just come from an event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we had people jumping and shouting with excitement. I love getting people excited about software – but why can’t we generate even more excitement for saving lives?
之所以銘記在心是因為我最近參加的一款軟件發(fā)布會的現(xiàn)場氛圍異常火爆。人們激動地歡呼雀躍�？吹饺藗円驗檐浖d奮，我也很開心——但我們?yōu)槭裁礋o法對挽救生命更感興趣呢?
You can’t get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact. And how you do that – is a complex question.
除非人們能感知到行動的影響力，否則人們就不會動心。如何做到這一點并不簡單。
Still, I’m optimistic. Yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new tools we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever. They are new – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that’s why the future can be different from the past.
盡管如此，我還是很樂觀。是的，不平等現(xiàn)象一直存在，但我們總會想出新的解決辦法。新技術(shù)可以幫助我們傳播愛心，我對未來充滿信心。
The defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the computer, the Internet--give us a chance we’ve never had before to end extreme poverty and end death from preventable disease.
創(chuàng)新技術(shù)不斷涌現(xiàn)，比如生物技術(shù)、計算機、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。讓我們有機會終結(jié)救極度貧困和非惡性死亡。
Sixty years ago, George Marshall came to this commencement and announced a plan to assist the nations of post-war Europe. He said: "I think one difficulty is that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation. It is virtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance of the situation."
六十年前，喬治-馬歇爾在哈佛的畢業(yè)典禮上宣布了一項協(xié)助戰(zhàn)后歐洲的計劃。他說："我認為推動這項計劃的困難在于，報紙和廣播源源不斷地提供各種事實，使得公眾難以清晰地判斷形勢。事實上，經(jīng)過層層傳播，想要真正地把握形勢，是根本不可能的。
Thirty years after Marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more visible, less distant.
馬歇爾發(fā)表演講三十年后，我的同學(xué)畢業(yè)了，科技開始發(fā)展，這個世界變得更小、更開放、更透明、人們之間的關(guān)系拉得更近。
The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network that has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating.
低成本個人電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為人們提供了更多學(xué)習(xí)和交流的機會。
The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance and makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of brilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem and that scales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.
神奇的是，網(wǎng)絡(luò)不僅縮短了人與人之間的距離，也增加了精英們集思廣益共同解決難題的機會。加快了創(chuàng)新的規(guī)模和速度。
At the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technology, five people don’t. That means many creative minds are left out of this discussion smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience who don’t have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas to the world.
然而世界上只有六分之一的人能夠接觸互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，很多精英不能參與我們的討論，很多人無法把它們解決問題的智慧和經(jīng)驗分享出來。
We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individualsto see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to address the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.
如今，新技術(shù)將引發(fā)一場革命，讓盡可能多的人與世界接軌，科技不僅為政府，也為大學(xué)、企業(yè)、小團體甚至個人帶來了機會，而今這些機構(gòu)和個人能夠運用科技找到有效的解決60年前喬治馬歇爾談到的饑荒、貧困和絕望。
Members of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collections of intellectual talent in the world. What for?
各位哈佛大家庭的成員，你們是世界上少有的精英。我們?yōu)槭裁匆瞎?
There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benefactors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here and around the world. But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to improving the lives of people who will never even hear its name?
毫無疑問，我們的教員、學(xué)生、校友都曾盡其所能改善全球人類的生活。我們還能更進一步嗎?哈佛能夠為不知道哈佛名氣的陌生人奉獻智慧，伸出援助之手嗎?
Let me make a request of the deans and the professors the intellectual leaders here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum, and determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves: Should our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems?
請院長和教授接受我的不情之請，各位哈佛大學(xué)的精英領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們，在你們雇用新教員、授予教授終身教職、評估課程安排和決定學(xué)位要求時，請問自己一個問題：最優(yōu)秀的人才是否應(yīng)該致力于解決人類的困境?
Should Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world’s worst inequities? Should Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty … the prevalence of world hunger … the scarcity of clean water …the girls kept out of school the children who die from diseases we can cure?
哈佛是否應(yīng)該鼓勵教授解決世界上存在的嚴重不平等?哈佛的學(xué)生是不是應(yīng)該多關(guān)注一些全球貧富不均、糧食短缺、水資源稀缺、女童輟學(xué)的問題?以及那些因無法接受有效治療而死亡的孩子?
Should the world’s most privileged people learn about the lives of the world’s least privileged?
世界上最衣食無憂的人是否應(yīng)該了解那些掙扎在死亡邊緣的人們的生活?
These are not rhetorical questions – you will answer with your policies.
這并非言語修辭，這些問題只能用行動回答。
My mother, who was filled with pride the day I was admitted here – never stopped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hosted a bridal event, at which she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had written to Melinda. My mother was very ill with cancer at the time, but she saw one more opportunity to deliver her message, and at the close of the letter she said: "From those to whom much is given, much is expected."
我的母親一直為我考上哈佛而自豪，也一直督促我回報社會。我結(jié)婚的前幾天的儀式上，她高聲朗讀自己寫給我妻子的信。當時我母親已經(jīng)是癌癥晚期，但她堅持要用這個機會表達自己的觀點。信的最后她念道："獲益越多，責(zé)任越大。"
When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given – in talent, privilege, and opportunity – there is almost no limit to what the world has a right to expect from us.
想想我們獲得了什么——天賦，特權(quán)，機遇——世界寄予殷切的期望。
In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates here to take on an issue –a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a specialist on you make it the focus of your career, that would be you don’t have to do that to make an impact. For a few hours every week, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them.
我希望每位畢業(yè)生承擔起這樣一種責(zé)任——參與解決人類不平等的問題，如果你獻身這項事業(yè)，你的影響力將會是驚人的。既便不打算以此為業(yè)，你一樣可以有所作為。每周只需要花幾個小時，就可以利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲取信息、找到志同道合的朋友、設(shè)法解決一兩個問題。
Don't let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It will be one of the great experiences of your lives.
不要畏難，盡管放手去做。它將是你生命中最寶貴經(jīng)歷。
You graduates are coming of age in an amazing you leave Harvard, you have technology that members of my class never had. You have awareness of global inequity, which we did not have. And with that awareness, you likely also have an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people whose lives you could change with very little effort. You have more than we had; you must start sooner, and carry on longer.
這是一個神奇的時代。今天的科技是我年輕時不曾體驗的。你們對不平等現(xiàn)象的認識遠遠超過我們這代人。面對這種不平等，你們更容易受良心的譴責(zé)。行動起來，時不我待。
And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years from now and reflect on what you have done with your talent and your energy. I hope you will judge yourselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well you have addressed the world’s deepest inequities … on how well you treated people a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity.
30年后當你再次回到哈佛的時候，我希望看到你用自己的天賦和精力做了哪些事。不僅用專業(yè)成就來衡量成功，還要看你是如何解決人類根深蒂固的不平等問題。你是怎樣對待那些與你相隔萬里、迥然不同的人的。
Good luck.
同學(xué)們，祝你們好運!
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