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      高考英語特殊句式復(fù)習(xí)資料

      時(shí)間:2022-12-09 20:00:37 高考英語 我要投稿
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      高考英語特殊句式復(fù)習(xí)資料

        篇一:【備考策略】

      高考英語特殊句式復(fù)習(xí)資料

        1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:

        句型結(jié)構(gòu)形式:It is/was…that/who…

        be的時(shí)態(tài):that/who前面be的時(shí)態(tài)一般是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),當(dāng)它后面的句子為過去時(shí)時(shí),才用過去時(shí)。

        判斷方法:將(It is/was)...(that/who)…括號(hào)中的詞同時(shí)去掉,看剩下的部分是否仍然成立。若成立,則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;若不成立,則為狀語從句、定語從句或主語從句。

        2.反意疑問句:

        形式:句子+簡(jiǎn)短的疑問

        (1)前面若有多個(gè)句子并列,則以最后一個(gè)句子為準(zhǔn);若前面部分為主從復(fù)合句,一般說,以主句為準(zhǔn);但若賓語主從復(fù)合句的主句謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,feel,imagine,consider,guess等,主語又是第一人稱且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、謂語又沒有任何副詞修飾時(shí),簡(jiǎn)短疑問部分的動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱則以從句為準(zhǔn),而肯、否定形式依主句而定。

        (2)前面句子含有must,can’t,may等表推測(cè)的詞時(shí),疑問部分則依據(jù)句子的時(shí)態(tài)及時(shí)間狀語而定。

        (3)句子是Let’s...時(shí),后面用shall/shan’t we;前面部分是Let us…祈使句時(shí),后面用will/won’t you。

        (4)前面句子是I’m…時(shí),后面用 aren’t l;句子是I’m not…時(shí),后面用 am I。

        (5)前面是感嘆句時(shí),后面跟感嘆句的主、謂一致,但用否定形式。

        (6)當(dāng)主語是anyone/anybody/everyone/everybody時(shí),疑問部分用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

        否定、肯定形式:

        (1)一般說,前后兩部分的否定、肯定形式相反;但當(dāng)句子前有0h,Ah,so等語氣詞時(shí),前后兩部分的否定、肯定形式相同。

        (2)前面部分有否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),后面部分用肯定形式;但若前面部分含有由否定詞綴構(gòu)成的否定詞時(shí),后面部分還是用否定形式。

        3.祈使句:祈使句的主語是you,但一般被省略;當(dāng)前面有呼語時(shí),一般得補(bǔ)出主語you;否定式一般是在前面加Don’t。

        在“祈使句,+and/or/and then+句子”句型中,當(dāng)祈使句中含有比較級(jí)時(shí),可將祈使句中的謂語部分省略,只留下“比較級(jí)或比較級(jí)與名詞,+and/or/and then+句子”。

        4.感嘆句:句型:what +a(n)+adj +n.+主語+be!;How +adj/adv.+主語+動(dòng)詞!

        5.There be句型:注意動(dòng)詞的形式;注意能用于這一句型的抽象特殊名詞及動(dòng)詞的抽象形式;注意主語補(bǔ)足語的形式。

        6.倒裝句:倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。

        全部倒裝:地點(diǎn)副詞或介詞短語+動(dòng)詞+主語(名詞);地點(diǎn)副詞或介詞短語+主語(代詞)+動(dòng)詞。

        部分倒裝:(1)否定詞或半否定詞+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+其它。

        (2)only+副詞(狀語)/SO+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+其它。

        (3)讓步狀語從句的倒裝。

        (4)非真實(shí)條句的倒裝。

        (5)結(jié)果、目的狀語從句中的such,SO提到句首時(shí)的倒裝。

        7.省略句

        (1)在上下中,任何句子成分都可能省略,必須根據(jù)具體語境進(jìn)行理解。

        (2)熟悉并掌握一些特殊的省略形式。

        A.在時(shí)間、條、讓步等狀語從句中,當(dāng)從句的主語跟主句的主語一致時(shí),從句的主語可以省略,同時(shí)將從句的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉衷~形式。

        B.在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條、讓步等狀語從句中,當(dāng)從句的主語跟主句的主語一致或從

        句的主語是it,謂語是be動(dòng)詞時(shí),從句的主語、謂語可以省略。如:When/Where,/If necessary。

        C.當(dāng)句子的謂語部分省略時(shí),若只用代詞代替句子,則需用代詞的賓格形式。

        D.當(dāng)省略不定式的內(nèi)容時(shí),須保留小品詞to。

        8.對(duì)賓語從句的提問:特殊詞位于句首,主句用一般疑問式,而賓語從句用陳述語序。

        篇二:考點(diǎn)解析

        高中英語涉及的特殊句型包括強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、省略句和反意疑問句。高考對(duì)于這四種句型的考查很靈活。學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵是記準(zhǔn)確各個(gè)句型出現(xiàn)的條。高考考生應(yīng)特別注意1、基本的句型條;2、句型中的時(shí)態(tài)。

        交際用語的考查重點(diǎn)應(yīng)注重化差異,在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意英語的交際規(guī)則和交際模式,防止母語思維定勢(shì)的干擾和影響,形成英語思維方式。

        在使用英語時(shí),有時(shí)要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)詞、詞組或句子,這時(shí)就要用到強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。

        一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句基本句型:“It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)句子的主語、賓語、表語及狀語等成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞,可以用that或who(whom)連接其他成分;被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人以外的詞,例如表示事物、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的詞,用that連接其他成分。一般疑問句:Is /was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/ who + 其他成分.特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+is /was + that/ who + 其他成分.

        1、It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most. 【C】

        A.who B.which C.that D.what

        2、—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?

        — Of course, I have.It was in our village it was made.【A】

        A.that B.where C.when D.which

        3、Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went famous.【B】

        A.where B.that C.which D.what

        2、not …until 也可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

        4、 It was _____ he came bank from Africa that year ____ he met the girl he would like to marry. 【C】

        A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when

        3、It’s + 地點(diǎn)狀語+ that…(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

        It’s +地點(diǎn)名詞+ where… (定語從句)

        It is the town where I was born. (the town 為地點(diǎn)名詞,定語從句)

        It was in the town that I was born. (in the town為地點(diǎn)狀語,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)

        4、It’s + 時(shí)間名詞+ when…(時(shí)間狀語從句)

        It’s + 時(shí)間狀語 +that…(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

        It was at 8 o’clock that he returned. (at 8 o’clock是時(shí)間狀語,強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

        It was 8 o’clock when he returned.

        (8 o’clock 是時(shí)間名詞,時(shí)間狀語從句)

        5、借助助動(dòng)詞do

        對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)要借助于助動(dòng)詞do加動(dòng)詞原形,而且do有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。這種強(qiáng)調(diào)形式主要用于祈使句以及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的肯定句中。

        5、If you have a job, yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.【A】

        A.do devote B.don't devote C.devoting D.not devoting

        二、倒裝句

        英語通常的語序是主語在前,謂語在后。如果謂語的一部分或者全部提到主語之前,這種語序就是倒裝。如果把全部謂語放在主語之前,就稱為完全倒裝;如果只把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語之前,則稱為部分倒裝。

       。.完全倒裝

        1)、用在以here, there, now, then等副詞開頭的句子中

        6、John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. 【D】

        A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood

        C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl

        如果主語是人稱代詞,則主語和謂語的位置不變。

        Here it is.

        2)、為了強(qiáng)調(diào),或?yàn)榱司o密銜接上下,常將表語放在句首,顛倒主語和謂語的次序。

        Present at the meeting were r. Smith, r. Green and many other celebrities.

        3)、為了使句子生動(dòng)、流暢,可把in, out, down, over, off, away之類用作狀語的副詞放在句首,采用完全倒裝。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞多是行為動(dòng)詞,而且是不及物動(dòng)詞。

        Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes

        4)、當(dāng)介詞短語位于句首作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí),也常常用完全倒裝。

        7、At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. 【A】

        A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing lies

        C. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie

        2、部分倒裝

        1)、用在省略了if的虛擬條句中(把were, had或should移至主語前),采用部分倒裝。

        Were she here, she would help us.(=If she were here, she would help us.)

        2)、在表示祝愿的句子里,謂語動(dòng)詞或謂語動(dòng)詞的一部分,要放在主語的前面。

        ay you succeed!

        3)、用在以so開頭、表示謂語所述情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或另一事物的肯定句中,表示“也一樣”,“也這樣”。結(jié)構(gòu)為:so + 系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語或者由neither, nor引導(dǎo)的,表示前面所說情況也適用于另一人(或東西)的句子(否定句),表示“也不”

        He can speak English, so can we.

        They haven’t prepared their lessons. Nor/Neither have I.

        注意:so + 人稱代詞(同一主語)+ 助動(dòng)詞,這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂是正常語序,用以重述前面的情況,以表示贊同或強(qiáng)調(diào)。

        ----It was cold yesterday. ----So it was.

        注意:so it is/was with + 另一主語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示這一主語的情況也如此。主要用于上出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)以上句子(情況),而在邏輯上這些句子表現(xiàn)同一主語,通常是有肯定和否定的混合句。或有兩個(gè)(以上)謂語。

        ike likes Chinese but he is not good at Chinese. So it is with Tom.

        注意:主語+ 動(dòng)詞do(某種形式)+so, 此句型用以避免重復(fù)前所述動(dòng)詞及其賓(狀)語,表示該句型中的主語做了前中已提到的動(dòng)作,此句型中的主語可與前句主語相同,也可以是另外的人。

        She asked me to speak louder and I did so.

        4)、以never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely, no sooner…than, hardly…when, by no means, nowhere, at no time, not a +名詞等表示否定或半否定意義的副詞或詞組開頭的句子中,采用部分倒裝。

        8、-It’s nice.Never before such a special drink!

        -I’m glad you like it.【C】

        A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I

        9、 Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him.【A】

        A did he begin B had he begun

        C he began D he had begun

        5)、often, many a time, always, once等表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞放在句首時(shí)應(yīng)用部分倒裝。

        any a time has he been to Paris. 他去過巴黎多次。

        6)、以only開頭的句子(only后面為副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句),采用部分倒裝,即把謂語的助動(dòng)詞放到主語之前,謂語用原形。

        10、Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______a decision. 【B】

        A.they reached B.did they reach

        C.they reach D.do they reach

        7)、as/ though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),常將句末的表語、動(dòng)詞、副詞提至句首。

        11、Unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.【B】

        A. though was he B. though he was

        C. he was though D. was he though

        三、省略

        在語言運(yùn)用中,尤其是在口語中,省略是常見的語言現(xiàn)象。

        1、在某些表虛擬語氣的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中,從句謂語動(dòng)詞中的should可以省略。這些句子一般包含如下動(dòng)詞一及其派生詞:一堅(jiān)持(insist),二命令

        (order, command),三建議(suggest, propose, advise),四要求(demand, require, request, ask)

        Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill and her parents suggested that she have a medical examination.

        It is necessary (important, impossible, strange, natural, a pity, no wonder) that...等主語從句中。

        It is necessary that the problem be solved at once.

        2、定語從句中的省略

       。1)在限制性定語從句中,作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that, which, who (whom)?梢允÷。

        The man I saw is called Tom.

        Where is the pen I bought this morning?

        (2)關(guān)系副詞when, where, why及that在the time when, the place where, the reason why, the way that結(jié)構(gòu)中引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí),在非正式場(chǎng)合下,可以省略關(guān)系副詞when, where, why和that等。

        I shall never forget the day we first met.

        The reason he came so early is his own affair.

        I don't like the way you speak to your mother.

        3、狀語從句中的省略

       。1)當(dāng)狀語從句中的主語和主句的主語一致,或狀語從句中的主語是it,并且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),?梢允÷詮木渲械闹髡Z和be動(dòng)詞。

        12、It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. , we’d better take it to the garage immediately.【D】

        A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so

       。2)虛擬條句中,含助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞be或have等,若將它們提到句首,則需省略if。

        Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit till next week.

        (3)在as(so)... as..., than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中。

        I know you can do better than Peter.

        This car doesn't run as fast as that one.

       。4)在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中,當(dāng)作表語的單數(shù)名詞提前時(shí),不定冠詞要省略。

        Child as he is, he knows a lot.

        4、動(dòng)詞不定式中的省略

        1)有些動(dòng)詞,如believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)to be + n./ adj. 中的to be可以省略。

        I consider him stupid.

        His mother found him a clever boy.

        2) 感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式中的不定式符號(hào)to要省略,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),to必須保留。

        They made the boy go to bed early.

        The boy was made to go to bed early.

        3) 動(dòng)詞不定式在prefer,refuse,decide, mean, intend, try,promise, like, love, care,want,hope,wish,expect等動(dòng)詞后作賓語時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),常承前省略不定式后的內(nèi)容,但要保留不定式符號(hào) to。

        I have asked her to come,but she does not want to.

        注意:want,like用在 when,if, what,as 引導(dǎo)的從句中,其后的to也?墒÷浴

        I've decided to do what I like.

        I'll teach you if you like.

        4)在can not but, can not choose but, can do nothing but..., can't help but..., prefer to do rather than do..., would do... rather than... 之后的動(dòng)詞不定式一般不帶to;but之前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某個(gè)形式do, does, did, done 而且其賓語是something,nothing,anything和everything等不定代詞時(shí),也不帶to, 否則要帶to。

        We have nothing to do now but wait.

        I can not but admire his courage.

        He has no choice but to accept the fact.

        5)在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中為了避免重復(fù),后一個(gè)to省略。

        I'm really puzzled what to think or say.

        但兩個(gè)不定式有對(duì)照或?qū)Ρ鹊囊饬x時(shí),則后一個(gè)to不能省略。

        I came not to scold but to praise you.

        6)在why, why not 引導(dǎo)的特殊問句中后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式。

        Why talk so much about it? Why not try it again?

        7)動(dòng)詞不定式與be able to,be going to,have to,ought to,used to等構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語時(shí),不定式結(jié)構(gòu)?墒÷,但要保留不定式符號(hào)to。

        I don’t want to wait for him, but l have to.

        —Why didn’t you come to our party?

        —I was going to,but l had a report to write.

        8)動(dòng)詞不定式中動(dòng)詞原形部分是否省略,主要看句子前面是否已出現(xiàn)過同樣的動(dòng)詞。如果句子前面出現(xiàn)過同樣的動(dòng)詞,為了避免重復(fù),句子后面的不定式常省略動(dòng)詞原形,而保留不定式符號(hào)to。

        Don't go till I tell you to.

        9)動(dòng)詞不定式在ask,warn,tell,advise,force,wish,expect,allow,permit , invite, persuade, order, would like, forbid等動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),?墒÷。

        You'd better give a performance if you are asked to.

        He didn't come, though we had invited him to.

        10)動(dòng)詞不定式在happy, glad, eager,anxious,willing, ready等形容詞等后承前省略動(dòng)詞原形,只保留不定式符號(hào)to。

        —Will you join me in a walk?

        —I'll be happy to.

        注:承前省略的動(dòng)詞不定式如果有助動(dòng)詞have或be,則要保留be或have。

        —Are you a doctor?

        —No, but I used to be.

        四、反意疑問句

        1、反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式:

        反意疑問句提出情況或看法,問對(duì)方同不同意,這種問句都由兩部分組成,前一部分用陳述句的形式,后一部分是一個(gè)附著在前一部分上的簡(jiǎn)短問句,中間用逗號(hào)隔開,如前一部分為肯定形式,后一部分通常用否定形式,前一部分為否定形式,后一部分就用肯定形式,兩部分的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。

        You are to go home via Hongkong, aren’t you?

       。ǹ隙ǖ年愂鼍+否定的反意疑問句)

        They didn’t raise many questions at the press conference, did they?

       。ǚ穸ǖ年愂鼍+肯定的反意疑問句)

        2、反意疑問句的答語

        在回答反意疑問句時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)事實(shí)回答,如果事實(shí)是肯定的,前面要用yes,否則用no, 在第一部分為否定句時(shí)要特別注意,這時(shí)英語回答和漢語回答是不一致的。

        ----You are not going out today, are you? ----No, I am not.

        你今天不出去,是嗎? 是的,我今天不出去。

       。ā安怀鋈ァ睂儆诜穸ǖ氖聦(shí),所以在英語中應(yīng)用“no”表示此義,不要用 “yes”回答。)

        構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題:

        1)、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問句部分中的主語常用they (有時(shí)也可用he.)

        Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, didn’t they?

        No one was hurt, was he?

        2)、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everything, anything, nothing, something等表物的不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問部分的主語常用it.

        Everything has been done on how to prevent the pollution, hasn’t it?

        3)、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是one時(shí),反意疑問部分的主語常用one或you。

        One should study hard, shouldn’t one/ you?

        4)、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是man(人類)時(shí),反意疑問部分的主語常用he。

        an is the master of his own fate, isn’t he?

        5)、當(dāng)陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 反意疑問部分用there,省略主語代詞。

        There used to be a shop, didn’t there?

        6)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),反意疑問部分的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用肯定形式。

        Few people know him, do they?

        Bob rarely got drunk, did he?

        You have nothing else to say, have you?

        7)、當(dāng)陳述部分中含有im, in, dis, un等否定前綴或less等否定后綴時(shí),應(yīng)把陳述部分看成是肯定的,反意疑問部分要用否定式。

        Your mother dislikes seeing you with me, doesn’t she?

        He is unfamiliar with this type of computer, isn’t he?

        8)、當(dāng)陳述部分是I’m …結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問部分常用aren’t I

        I am late, aren’t I?

        9)、 當(dāng)陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句時(shí),反意疑問部分中的動(dòng)詞和主語代詞通常應(yīng)和主句中的動(dòng)詞和主語保持一致。

        If you don’t start early, you will be late, won’t you?

        Peter believes that his dream will come true some day, doesn’t he?

        10)、當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問部分往往與從句保持一致,而且要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移。

        I think he is a thief, isn’t he?

        I don’t think he can do it well, can he?

        11)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有have,而且have作“有”解時(shí),反意疑問部分用have/has或借助助動(dòng)詞do, does, did等完成;如果陳述部分中的have是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,則反意疑問部分應(yīng)需借助助動(dòng)詞do, does, did等完成。

        He hasn’t a lot of time to spare, has he?

        He doesn’t have an English dictionary, does he?

        12)、當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞包括have to, had to時(shí),反意疑問部分通常用do的適當(dāng)形式。

        You had to take the early bus, didn’t you?

        We have to do it, don’t we?

        13)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to時(shí),反意疑問部分可用used to形式或did形式。

        He used to get up late, didn’t/ usedn’t he?

        14)、當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時(shí),反意疑問部分常用will you.

        Help me to do it, will you?

        Don’t go there, will you?

        ◆ Let’s 和Let us都表示“讓我們”,但用法上不同。前者包括聽話人,后者不包括聽話人。正因如此,它們的反意疑問句的形式常常不同:

        以Let’s 開頭的祈使句,反意疑問部分常用shall we.

        以Let us開頭的祈使句,反意疑問部分常用will you.

        Let’s go now, shall we? (我們?nèi),你也去?/p>

        Let us go shopping, will you? (我們?nèi),你不去?/p>

        15)、當(dāng)陳述句部分含had better/best, would like to, would rather等約定俗成特殊短語時(shí),反意疑問部分應(yīng)保留第一個(gè)詞。

        He had better do more speaking, hadn’t he?

        16)、當(dāng)陳述句部分是強(qiáng)調(diào)句或類似強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問部分常和句首的It is/was保持一致。

        It is the first time that he has gone there, isn’t it?

        17)、當(dāng)陳述句部分為感嘆句時(shí),反意疑問句部分常用否定形式,且問句部分的動(dòng)詞常用be.

        What a cold day, isn’t it?

        18)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, may, can’t, 且表示推測(cè)時(shí),反意疑問部分不能用must, may, can’t自身,應(yīng)和后面的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞保持一致;

        ◆ must/ may/ can’t + do 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè),反意疑問部分用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

        He can’t be r. Chen, is he?(相當(dāng)于I don’t think he is r. Chen.)

        He must be very tired, isn’t he? (相當(dāng)于:I believe he is very tired.)

        ◆ must/ may/ can’t + have done +過去時(shí)間狀語,表示對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè),反意疑問部分常用一般過去時(shí)。

        You must have seen the film last week, didn’t you?

        (相當(dāng)于:I think you saw the film last week.)

        It can’t have snowed last week, did it? (相當(dāng)于:I don’t think it snowed last week.)

        ◆ must/ may/ can’t + have done , 反意疑問部分常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

        You may have been to Tibet, haven’t you? (相當(dāng)于:aybe you have been to Tibet.)

        He can’t have known the news, has he? (相當(dāng)于:I don’t think he has known the news.)

        You must have waited for a long time, haven’t you?

       。ㄏ喈(dāng)于:I think you have waited for a long time.)

        19)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mustn’t表示“禁止”時(shí),反意疑問部分常用must.

        You mustn’t walk on grass, must you?

        20)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need, dare時(shí),反意疑問部分有兩種形式:作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)保留自身;作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)反意疑問句應(yīng)借助于助動(dòng)詞do/does/did完成。

        He needs to start at once, doesn’t he?

        She dare not go out alone at night, dare she?

        21)、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to時(shí),反意疑問部分常用oughtn’t (有時(shí)也可用shouldn’t.)

        The child ought to be punished, oughtn’t he?

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