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The Apgar Test

The baby was born at 3:36 p. m. At 3:37, she scored 4 out of 10 on her first test. At 3:41, she scored 8 out of 10. The doctor was glad.

Another baby, born at 8:24 p. m., scored 3 out of 10 on his first test. He scored 4 out of 10 on his second test. He took another test at 8:34 and scored 5. ___1___ He called for help1.

These newborn babies took a test called the Apgar test. This test helps doctors diagnose problems. ___2___ Most babies take two tests. The first is at 1 minute after birth, and the second is at 5 minutes after birth. If a baby’s score at 5 minutes is less than 6, the baby takes another test at 10 minutes after birth.

The Apgar test is not an intelligence test. It’s a test that shows a baby’s health right after it is born. The Apgar test measures things such as a baby’s color, heart rate, and breathing. The test has five parts, and the score for each part can be 0, 1, or 2. ___3___

A doctor named Virginia Apgar developed the test. Apgar went to medical school at Columbia University in New York City in 1929. She faced many challenges because she was the first woman in the program. However, she was one of the best students in her class. After medical school, she started treating patients2.

Apgar also became a researcher in anesthesiology, a new topic in medicine at the time3. During her studies, she learned how to give patients anesthesia. ___4___

In the 1940s, many women started to have anesthesia when they gave birth. Apgar had a question: How does anesthesia affect newborn babies? In 1949, when Apgar was a professor at Columbia’s medical school, she created her simple test. She wrote a paper about her methods in 1953. Soon after, people started using the Apgar test around the world.

In her work, Apgar saw that many newborns had problems. She wanted to help these babies survive. She stopped practicing medicine in 1959, and she went back to school to get a master’s degree in public health. ___5___

Today, the Apgar test is still used all over the world. Newborn babies don’t know it, but Virginia Apgar is a very important person in the first few minutes of their lives.

練習(xí):

A Doctors add the scores together for the total Apgar score.

B She spent the rest of her life doing research and raising money to help newborn babies.

C A score of 10 is uncommon.

D The doctor was worried.

E They decide if a baby is normal or needs special care.

F Anesthesia is a procedure that makes patients lose consciousness, so they do not feel any pain during surgery.

答案與題解:

1. D 由第二段的前半部分可知這個(gè)嬰兒三次健康測(cè)試的分?jǐn)?shù)都不理想,而且最后一句提到他需要救助,說明他的'情況不容樂觀,所以醫(yī)生應(yīng)該擔(dān)心。因此,答案為D。

2. E 第三段中第二句話提到這項(xiàng)測(cè)試幫助醫(yī)生診斷新生兒的問題,即醫(yī)生可以根據(jù)測(cè)試結(jié)果判斷新生兒的健康狀況。因此,答案為E。

3. A 順承本段倒數(shù)第二句的句意可知選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C都可以,但選項(xiàng)C說10分的成績(jī)不常見,這一點(diǎn)由全文其他地方推斷不出來。因此,答案為A。

4. F 本段第二句話最后提到阿普加學(xué)習(xí)給病人實(shí)施麻醉,而選項(xiàng)F講的是麻醉是什么,正好與本段第二句話句意吻合。因此,答案為F。

5. B 本段主要講的是阿普加幫助新生兒的愿望以及她為此所做的努力,縱觀六個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合段意的只有選項(xiàng)B。因此,答案為B。