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      張培基英譯散文賞析之《長(zhǎng)壽之道》

      時(shí)間:2022-12-09 09:33:21 英語(yǔ)四級(jí) 我要投稿
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      張培基英譯散文賞析之《長(zhǎng)壽之道》

      長(zhǎng)壽之道
      The Secret of Longevity

      張培基英譯散文賞析之《長(zhǎng)壽之道》

      季羨林
      Ji Xianlin

      | 譯文摘自張培基《英譯中國(guó)散文選二》

      我已經(jīng)到了望九之年,可謂長(zhǎng)壽矣。因此經(jīng)常有人向我詢問(wèn)長(zhǎng)壽之道,養(yǎng)生之術(shù)。我敬謹(jǐn)答曰:“養(yǎng)生無(wú)術(shù)是有術(shù)。”
      Approaching ninety, I’m really old. People often ask me for advice on how to keep fit and live a long life.The answer I would give is, “The best way to keep fit is by making no efforts towards it.”

      要點(diǎn)
      1,題目“長(zhǎng)壽之道”本可譯為The way to Live a Long Life,現(xiàn)譯為The Secret of Longevity,意思基本相同,但后者更為簡(jiǎn)練,適宜做題目,朗朗上口
      2,“望九之年”即“快到九十歲了,年近九十”,譯為Approaching ninety
      3,“養(yǎng)生之術(shù)”即“養(yǎng)生的方法”,譯為how to keep fit and live a long life或the way to keep in good health
      4,“我敬謹(jǐn)答曰……”即“我的答案是……”譯為The answer I would give is,would 常見于表達(dá)勸告,意見的句中
      5,“養(yǎng)生無(wú)術(shù)是有術(shù)”譯為he best way to keep fit is by making no efforts towards it.即“養(yǎng)生的最好方法就在于不要為它做過(guò)多的努力”,凡是向這個(gè)意思靠攏就可以

      綜述 :一向很喜歡季老的散文,沒有過(guò)多復(fù)雜抽象的內(nèi)容,簡(jiǎn)單流暢中蘊(yùn)藏著大智慧,讀完無(wú)論是思想上還是翻譯上都有收獲~開頭短短幾句話,實(shí)則大有文章~

      這話看似深?yuàn)W,其實(shí)極為簡(jiǎn)單明了。我有兩個(gè)朋友,十分重視養(yǎng)生之道。每天鍛煉身體,至少要練上兩個(gè)鐘頭。曹操詩(shī)曰:“對(duì)酒當(dāng)歌,人生幾何?”人生不過(guò)百 年,每天費(fèi)上兩個(gè)鐘頭,統(tǒng)計(jì)起來(lái),要有多少鐘頭!利用這些鐘頭,能做多少事情呀!如果真有用,也還罷了。他們二人,一個(gè)先我而走,一個(gè)臥病在家,不能出門。
      That sounds profound, but is in fact very simple. Two friends of mine put in great efforts to keep in good health. They spent at least two hours per day doing physical exercise. Cao Cao (1) says in one of his poems like this: Cup to cup calls for song, Man’s life – how long? Few people live to be 100. Two hours per day during one’s lifetime – what a tremendous amount of time it would add up to! And what a lot could be done with that much time! It would have been all right though if my two friends’ physical exercise had really helped. But fact is, one of the two has passed away before me and the other now never shows up, being confined to bed with illness.

      要點(diǎn)
      1,“十分重視養(yǎng)生之道”譯為put in great efforts to keep in good health,其中“重視”譯為put in great efforts to do 是為了和上文make no efforts towards形成呼應(yīng)
      2,“曹操”是屬中國(guó)古典文化中特有的詞匯,此處采用加注法,將“曹操”的“個(gè)人信息”放在了腳注里~
      3,“對(duì)酒當(dāng)歌,人生幾何”中“人生幾何”意為“人生是多么短暫”也可理解為反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣“人生的歲月又能有多久呢?”,譯者根據(jù)反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣譯為Man’s life – how long?
      4,“統(tǒng)計(jì)起來(lái),要有多少鐘頭啊!”意為“這些時(shí)間相加是多么龐大的一個(gè)數(shù)字啊”,故譯為what a tremendous amount of time it would add up to!
      5,“如果真有用,也還罷了”意即“如果真有用也還好”
      6,“一個(gè)臥病在家,不能出門”譯為the other now never shows up, being confined to bed with illness. 譯者在此進(jìn)行了靈活處理,用never shows up表示不能出門。being confined to bed with illness表“臥病不起”

      綜述 :散文中的口語(yǔ)化表達(dá)可以拉近作者和讀者的距離,但在翻譯時(shí),如果對(duì)其逐字翻譯只能造成困擾~

      因此,我首創(chuàng)了三“不”主義:不鍛煉,不挑食,不嘀咕,名聞全國(guó)。我這個(gè)三不主義,容易招誤會(huì),我現(xiàn)在利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)解釋一下。我并不絕對(duì)反對(duì)適當(dāng)?shù)捏w育鍛煉,但不要過(guò)頭。一個(gè)人如果天天望長(zhǎng)壽如大旱之望云霓,而又絕對(duì)相信體育鍛煉,則此人心態(tài)恐怕有點(diǎn)失常,反不如順其自然為佳。
      I’m known to all for having initiated three Nos, namely, no exercising, no picky eating, no grumbling. My three Nos, however, are apt to be misunderstood. So I need to take this opportunity to make an explanation. Exercise, if moderate, is all right, but I disapprove of overdoing it. One who overrates physical training while dreaming of living a long life must be mentally unbalanced. He should learn to let things take their own course.

      要點(diǎn)
      1,“不嘀咕”即“不抱怨”,譯為no grumbling,其中g(shù)rumble表示“抱怨,發(fā)牢騷,嘟囔”十分形象,其同義詞還有complain, gripe, mutter
      2,“天天望長(zhǎng)壽如大旱之望云霓”表示“十分渴望長(zhǎng)壽”此處只譯出了其中心意思,一是為了句式簡(jiǎn)潔,二是overreact也在一定程度上表達(dá)了“十分渴望”的意思
      3,“絕對(duì)相信體育鍛煉”即“高估體育鍛煉的價(jià)值”,譯為overrates physical training
      4,“順其自然”= let things take their own course(任事情自然發(fā)展)

      綜述 :依舊是口語(yǔ)化的表述~對(duì)于我們的雙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化能力絕對(duì)是好的素材

      至于不挑食,其心態(tài)與上面相似。常見有人年才逾不惑,就開始挑食,蛋黃不吃,動(dòng)物內(nèi)臟不吃,每到吃飯,戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢,如履薄冰,窘態(tài)可掬,看了令人失笑。以這種心態(tài)而欲求長(zhǎng)壽,豈非南轅而北轍!
      As to picky eating, I often find people barely over forty becoming very choosy about food. They abstain from eating egg yolks and tripe. They behave gingerly at table as if treading on thin ice. The embarrassment they show cannot but evoke laughter from all. Acting with such a mentality, they can only end up in defeating their own purpose of increased longevity.

      要點(diǎn)
      1,“才逾不惑”譯為“不到四十”而不是“才過(guò)四十”,譯為barely over forty
      2,“動(dòng)物內(nèi)臟”若是直譯,則是the internal organs of animals,或 animal entrails,今譯tripe (雜碎),而且為熟食,比較符合上下文
      3,“每到吃飯戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢,如履薄冰”= behave gingerly at table as if treading on thin ice
      4,“窘態(tài)可掬,看了令人失笑”=the embarrassment they show cannot but evoke laughter from all,其中cannot but意為“禁不住,不得不”如:I cannot but laugh to hear such a story.聽到這樣的故事,我禁不住發(fā)笑。
      5,“豈非南轅而北轍”中的“豈非”是反問(wèn)句的標(biāo)識(shí),但以驚嘆號(hào)結(jié)尾,因此此處突出作者肯定的語(yǔ)氣,譯為they can only end up in defeating their own purpose of increased longevity。又“南轅北轍”比喻行動(dòng)和目的正好相反。譯為end up in defeating their own purpose of…

      綜述 :本段大量四字詞出沒~

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