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英語四級15選10閱讀題及解析
15選10是大英四級改革后閱讀的新題型,有些同學(xué)做這種題時會盲目地“試答案”,這不僅會使正確率下降,還會影響答題時間。以下是由陽光網(wǎng)小編整理關(guān)于英語四級15選10閱讀題的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
英語四級15選10閱讀題
例:El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange __47__ happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds, which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in __48__ , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5°C
The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot , humid air over the ocean causes severe __49__ thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America __50__ floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts or the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and __51__.
El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 El Nino brought the most __52__ weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billon pounds __53__ of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists __54__ this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.
Nowadays, weather expert are able to forecast when an El Nino will __55__, buy they still not __56__ sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
備選:
A) estimate I) completely
B) strength J) destructive
C) deliberately K) starvation
D) notify L) bringing
E) tropical M) exhaustion
F) phenomenon N) worth
G) stable O) strike
H) attraction
第一步:先將選項按詞性劃分:
名詞有B) strength F) phenomenon H) attraction K) starvation M) exhaustion N) worth;
動詞有A) estimate D) notify L) bringing O) strike;
副詞有C) deliberately I) completely;
形容詞有E) tropical G) stable J) destructive
如果有陌生單詞,可以通過前后綴來辨別,這里就不一一贅述。
第二步:熟悉文章,本文介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的原因,以及對世界的氣候和人類生活造成的巨大影響。
第一段講述了El Nino的成因,原文首句就提到了El Nino,如果不認(rèn)識沒有關(guān)系,因為第一句后半段有climate 這個單詞,這說明El Nino與氣候變化有關(guān),注意第二句開頭的This strange __47__就是指El Nino,之后有動詞happens,說明47題應(yīng)該填一個名詞,結(jié)合上下文,只有F) phenomenon適合。
再看48題,也是一個名詞的辨析,由空格之前的介詞in得知。前一句的failure和本句的`lessen意思一樣,表示“減少,減弱”,所以判斷選B) strength,表示風(fēng)的力量減弱。由語言環(huán)境判斷這兩個空全部填名詞,所以在具體選擇答案時一定要結(jié)合上下文的意思。再看第二段,thunderstorms是名詞,所以49空應(yīng)填形容詞來修飾它,E) tropical“熱帶的”符合,表示“熱帶風(fēng)暴”。
50空前的句意是“南美的降雨量增加”謂語動詞是“is increased”,所以后半句應(yīng)使用非謂語動詞形式,表示“給秘魯帶來洪水” L) bringing正好表示“帶來”。
51題由句意就可判斷出答案,“一部分地區(qū)洪水泛濫,而另一部分地區(qū)遭遇干旱”,該處與drought, poor crops意思并列,只有K) starvation“饑餓”符合。52題又可由詞性來判斷,weather是名詞,之前應(yīng)用形容詞修飾,并且由上下文判斷這個詞是個貶義詞,因此選J) destructive“具有破壞性”。
53題后的of damage表示“.…..的損失”所以“over eight billon pounds __53__”是用來修飾它的,根據(jù)句意,只有N) worth “價值”與pounds意思相近,表示“帶來80億英鎊的損失”。
54題根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷空格處應(yīng)填入謂語動詞,前一句“厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象從90年持續(xù)到95年”與本句存在推測關(guān)系,所以填入A) estimate。
55題前的will和應(yīng)填的詞之間是“情態(tài)動詞+動詞”的關(guān)系,通過排除法選擇O) strike,意思為“科學(xué)家們可以提前預(yù)測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生”。
56題由詞性判斷選擇副詞I) completely,它修飾動詞sure,表示“科學(xué)家不十分確信……”
這是一篇與氣候有關(guān)的文章。El Nino(厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象)反復(fù)出現(xiàn),是文章的中心詞。像這類熱門的話題詞匯,考生應(yīng)格外關(guān)注,因為四、六級考試越來越注重與實際問題的結(jié)合。如果一眼就洞察出它的意思,那么就能輕松理解文章的大意,這對成績的提高很有幫助。通過以上講解,讀者不難發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性劃分對于提高15選10這類題型的答題速度和正確率起著舉足輕重的作用,考生應(yīng)多加練習(xí),掌握其中的規(guī)律。
英語四級考試閱讀15選10深度解題方案
Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients __47__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.
Times have changed. Today, we take pain __48__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __49__ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (擾亂) a person’s life, causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.
That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social __52__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理醫(yī)生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.
This modern __54__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a __55__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __56__ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.
A) result
I) determining
B) involves
J) limited
C) significant
K) gravely
D) range
L) complained
E) relieved
M) respect
F) issues
N) prompting
G) seriously
O) specialize
H) magnificent
Step One
第一步是每位學(xué)生都要去做的,就是把15個單詞通過后綴進行詞性分類,但是通常我的習(xí)慣是遇到動詞進行二次分類:確定時態(tài),確定單三還是非單三;遇到名詞 確定單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù);我一直認(rèn)為單詞不認(rèn)識不應(yīng)該成為學(xué)生放棄選詞填空的原因,在做第一步之前我先把4級歷年真題選詞填空中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的后綴全部列舉出 來:
名詞后綴:tion/sion/ness/ment/er/or/ist/ism
形容詞后綴:able/al/ant/ent/tive/sive/ous/less/ed/ing
動詞后綴:ate/lize/ing/ed
副詞后綴:ly/ward/wise
在歷年真題中只要出現(xiàn)ly一定為副詞,這是頻率
好,我們開始分類:
名詞單數(shù):A) result(結(jié)果) M) respect(尊重)
可能的名詞復(fù)數(shù):F) issues B) involves
動詞原形: O) specialize M) respect(尊重)
動詞進行時:I) determining(決定,確定) N) prompting
動詞過去式:J) limited(限制) L) complained(抱怨) E) relieved
可能的動詞單三:B) involves F) issues
形容詞:C) significant H)magnificent J) limited(有限的)
副詞:G) seriously(嚴(yán)肅的) K) gravely
不能確定的:D) range
Step Two
回到原文確定空內(nèi)應(yīng)填入的詞性、單復(fù)數(shù)形式、動詞時態(tài)以及其他語法現(xiàn)象。具體怎么操作,我會在接下來第三步解題的時候具體講解。
Step Three
具體分析,重點打擊,先易后難。怎么操作?我現(xiàn)在開始講解:
47題: when older patients __47__ of pain,前面是patients為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,后面是of,確定應(yīng)填入一個動詞;后半句為they were told告訴我們填入過去時動詞,滿足此題的單詞分別是:J) limited L)complained E)relieved,根據(jù)本句中的pain(痛苦),確定L)complained(抱怨)與pain(痛苦)的感情方向一致。
48題:前面是we take pain __48__,確定應(yīng)填入副詞來修飾take,滿足的.單詞有 G) seriously 嚴(yán)肅的 K) gravely,由于是pain(痛苦),搭配嚴(yán)肅,如果這兩個單詞都不認(rèn)識也是2猜1。
49題:in __49__ a person’s well-being. 我們知道,in后面跟兩種詞性,名詞或動名詞,比如spend time in doing sth, 所以滿足的單詞有 I) determining決定,確定 N) prompting,2猜1
50題:causing problems that __50__ from missed work to depression.,由于有from---to---,所以填入動詞單配這兩個介詞,由于沒有任何特殊信息詞,本題填入一個動詞原形,由于前面是 problems這個復(fù)數(shù),所以排掉B)involves,滿足的只有 O) specialize,D)range,兩個都不認(rèn)識,先放著不管,待會再結(jié)合處理。
51題:now depend upon physicians who __51__ in pain medicine,后面是in,確定填動詞搭配in,前面是physicians who,人作主語,并且是復(fù)數(shù),所以必須是動詞原形,滿足的單詞依然是O) specialize ,D)range,我們可以將50和51題全部填入O) specialize,結(jié)果是必對一道,有時候放棄是為了得到。
52題:other psychological and social __52__,前面是psychological and social這兩個形容詞,空內(nèi)應(yīng)該填入名詞,由于是other,要求我們填入一個名詞復(fù)數(shù),滿足的只有一個單詞F)issues B)involves,二選一,別著急,讓我們看下一道題。
53題:. Such comprehensive therapy often __53__ the work,前面是often,要求空內(nèi)填入實義動詞,Such comprehensive therapy明顯是單數(shù),不認(rèn)識也無所謂,確定空內(nèi)的填入的單三形式的動詞,滿足的是F)issues B)involves,知道怎么樣最功利嗎,那就是這道題和上面的52題都填入其中一個,結(jié)果依然必對一道!!!
54題:This modern __54__ for pain management,前面是形容詞modern,要求填入名詞被它修飾,滿足的是A)result結(jié)果 M)respect(尊重),空后是介詞for ,有一點基礎(chǔ)的人都知道 M) respect(尊重)最搭配for,所以也就排除了它作為動詞原形的可能性,所以現(xiàn)在知道我為什么將51題的滿足單詞固定為O) specialize ,D)range了嗎?
55題:there were only a __55__ number of drugs available,根據(jù)后面的名詞number,和前面的a,我們確定為形容詞修飾number,滿足的有C) significant H)magnificent J) limited(有限的),同學(xué)們,看到了only了嗎?答案是 limited。
56題:and many of them caused __56__ side effects,后面是名詞概念side effects,填入形容詞來修飾吧!滿足的只有C) significant H)magnificent,2猜1吧,結(jié)合49題2猜1,幾率是兩道2猜1,兩道可以對一道。
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