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      高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)

      時(shí)間:2022-12-09 09:13:11 高考英語(yǔ) 我要投稿

      高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

      高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)

        考點(diǎn)一 考查關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

        1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

        A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

        【解析】C。在所給的四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞中,只有whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ),故選C。又如:A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 書商就是其職業(yè)是賣書的人。

        2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

        A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

        【解析】B。their是物主代詞,不是關(guān)系代詞,不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,所以不能選;在其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ),故選B。句意為:許多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了,他們?cè)诩亦l(xiāng)被照顧得很好。

        3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

        A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

        【解析】D。在所給定的四個(gè)關(guān)系代詞中,只有which和whose能用于名詞用作定語(yǔ),故可排除B和C。而關(guān)系代詞which和whose用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別是:which具有that或this的語(yǔ)義特征,而whose則具有one’s的語(yǔ)義特征。

        考點(diǎn)二 考查關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

        1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (遼寧卷)

        A. that B. when C. what D. which

        【解析】D。that不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,故被排除;when可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,但只用于指時(shí)間,與句意不符,故也被排除;而what不是關(guān)系代詞,不能用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,故也被排除;which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞find的賓語(yǔ)。句意為:他們贏了最后三場(chǎng)比賽,我發(fā)現(xiàn)這有點(diǎn)令人吃驚。

        2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全國(guó)Ⅱ)

        A. which B. that C. where D. it

        【解析】A。由于兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有并列連詞,所以不能選B或D;而where是關(guān)系副詞,不能用作主語(yǔ);which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中用作主語(yǔ)。又如:Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開(kāi)車很快,這是很危險(xiǎn)的。

        3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山東卷)

        A. who B. which C. when D. that

        【解析】B。that不能用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,故可排除;when是關(guān)系副詞,不用作主語(yǔ),故也可排除;who用于指人,但這里的定語(yǔ)從句不是修飾her,而是修飾whenever I met her,故不能用who,此處應(yīng)用which。又如:He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他說(shuō)他從沒(méi)見(jiàn)到過(guò)她,這是不真實(shí)的。

        考點(diǎn)三 查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

        1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. (上海卷)

        A. where B. when C. there D. which

        【解析】A。由于定語(yǔ)從句he composed “The Magic Flute”的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是完整的,所以不能選D;when指時(shí)間,不用于修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞the house,故也不能選;而there不是關(guān)系詞,不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

        2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)

        A. that B. when C. which D. where

        【解析】D。由于定語(yǔ)從句they can see themselves differently的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是完整的,所以不能選A和C;when指時(shí)間,不用于修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞a situation,故也不能選。

        3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重慶卷)

        A. why B. what C. that D. where

        【解析】D。由于定語(yǔ)從句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是完整的,不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所以不能選C;why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,其先行詞只能是the reason,而不用于其他場(chǎng)合,故不能選;what不是關(guān)系詞,不能用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,故也可排除;where在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾名詞race,相當(dāng)于in which。句意為:人生就像一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)途賽跑,在賽跑中我們?yōu)榱顺阶晕叶c別人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

        4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)

        A. which B. where C. how D. why

        【解析】B。定語(yǔ)從句修飾的先行詞是a point,不是my life。point在此相當(dāng)于一個(gè)抽象的地點(diǎn),所以要用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。又如:We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我們到了必須改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她覺(jué)得自己再也不能忍受的地步。

        5. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?

        —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)

        A. where B. which C. when D. that

        【解析】A。由于定語(yǔ)從句you are doing something serious but interesting是一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子,不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所以不能選關(guān)系代詞which或that,故可排除B和D;而關(guān)系副詞when只用于修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞,故也可排除;where在此相當(dāng)于in which,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,并在定語(yǔ)從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。又如:I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小時(shí)都得守在辦公桌前的工作。

        考點(diǎn)四 查關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

        1. She’ll never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)

        A. that B. which C. where D. when

        【解析】D。that不用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,故被排除;which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句必須在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),與本題的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不符,故也被排除;where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其前先行詞只能是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,而本題的先行詞her stay there(她待在那兒期間)不是表地點(diǎn),而是表時(shí)間,故C也可排除;關(guān)系副詞when在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞her stay。句意為:她永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記她待在那兒的那段時(shí)間,在此其間她找到了她兩年前失蹤的孩子。

        2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江蘇卷)

        A. if B. when C. which D. since

        【解析】B。when在此用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾名詞days。此題的難點(diǎn)是先行詞days與關(guān)系副詞when之間被are gone,容易誤解句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為:由于金融危機(jī),當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌?jí)賓館每晚收費(fèi)6,000元的日子已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。

        考點(diǎn)五 考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

        1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陜西卷)

        A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

        【解析】C。當(dāng)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句由“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)時(shí),其中介詞的確定方法就是要找到與之構(gòu)成搭配的動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞等。在本題中,根據(jù)句意,句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(爭(zhēng)論某個(gè)話題),所以答案只能選C。又如:I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫錯(cuò)了他的名字,為了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤我愿道歉。

        2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全國(guó)I)

        A. them B. who C. whom D. these

        【解析】C。由于兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有并列連詞,所以不能選A或D;又因?yàn)槭怯糜诮樵~of之后作賓語(yǔ),所以要用賓格whom,不用who。句意為:她帶來(lái)了三個(gè)朋友,我以前一個(gè)也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)。

        考點(diǎn)六 定語(yǔ)從句考查新角度

        The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)

        A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which

        【解析】B。這道題的本質(zhì)是考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法,但其命題的角度比較特別,它既不考查先行詞,也不考查關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞,而是結(jié)合介詞的搭配考查關(guān)系代詞的省略。句中定語(yǔ)從句I grew up用于修飾名詞the house,由于其前沒(méi)有“引導(dǎo)詞”,所以可認(rèn)為被省略了。而根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法,可以省略的定語(yǔ)從句“引導(dǎo)詞”只可能是用作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞that或which,這樣一來(lái),就必須要求空格處填一個(gè)能帶賓語(yǔ)的詞,顯然只有介詞in。

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞性從句知識(shí)點(diǎn):名詞性從句的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

        1. 備考主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)

        一是從句作主語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù);

        二是主語(yǔ)從句通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過(guò)去分詞+that…中,或在It seems / happens that…中,或疑問(wèn)句中;

        三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句一般不用形式主語(yǔ)。

        2. 備考賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下四點(diǎn)

        一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,但可接疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句;

        二是在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后若還有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí),要用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將that從句置于補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后;

        三是當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時(shí),若賓語(yǔ)從句要表示否定意義,往往要通過(guò)否主句來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),即所謂否定轉(zhuǎn)移;

        四是雖然引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that有時(shí)可以省略,但若賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)或有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that不能省略;that在與之并列的另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句之后或者在“形式賓語(yǔ)it+賓補(bǔ)”之后時(shí)也不能省略;that從句單獨(dú)回答問(wèn)題時(shí),that也不能省略。

        3. 備考表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)

        一是除that, whether和疑問(wèn)詞外,as, as if, as though, because也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句;

        二要注意“that’s why+結(jié)果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區(qū)別;

        三是注意the reason (why / for…) is that…句式。

        狀語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié):英語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的用法及考點(diǎn)說(shuō)明

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

        一、引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞

        主要的有as, as if, as though等:

        You must do as your parents tell you. 你必須按你父母說(shuō)的去做。

        I have changed it as you suggest. 我已照你的建議作了改動(dòng)。

        I am as you can imagine short of money. 正如你能想像的我很缺錢。

        Robbie didn’t feel as she did. 洛比沒(méi)有她那種感覺(jué)。

        They treated the child as if she were their own. 他們待這孩子像親生的一樣。

        I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個(gè)這件事我記得很清楚,就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生似的。

        【注】(1) 在非正式文體中,like也可用連詞,表示方式,與as的用法相似:

        Nobody loves you like I do. 沒(méi)有人像我這樣愛(ài)你。

        She can’t cook like her mother does. 她菜做得沒(méi)有她媽那樣好。

        (2) 有時(shí)the way 也可用作連詞,表示方式,與as的用法相似:

        They didn’t do it the way we do now. 那時(shí)他們不像我們現(xiàn)在這樣行事。

        I can’t help seeing things the way they do. 我禁不住也像他們那樣看事物。

        二、as if [as though] 從句與虛擬語(yǔ)氣

        一般說(shuō)來(lái),若as if 和as though 從句所表示的內(nèi)容可能為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ)氣,若為假設(shè)或不大可能為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。不過(guò)在非正式文體中,有時(shí)即使句意明確地表示不是事實(shí),也可能用陳述語(yǔ)氣:

        He treats me as if I am [were] a stranger. 他待我有如陌生人。

        The stuffed dog barks as if it is [were] a real one. 這個(gè)玩具狗叫起來(lái)像是真狗似的。

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞性從句知識(shí)點(diǎn):whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的用法

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

        whatever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意義相當(dāng)于anything that,通常譯為“……任何東西(一切事情)”“……所……的一切(所有)”“無(wú)論什么……都”。如:

        Whatever she says goes. 一切她說(shuō)了算。

        Whatever I have is yours. 我的東西都是你的。

        Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對(duì)的。

        Whatever I have is at your service. 我所有的一切都供你使用。

        Whatever you want is fine with me. 無(wú)論你要什么對(duì)我都合適。

        注意,不要與whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(=no matter what)時(shí)的用法相混淆。如:

        Whatever happens, I must be calm. 不管發(fā)生什么事我都要鎮(zhèn)靜。

        Whatever you do, I’ll always love you. 不管你干什么,我永遠(yuǎn)愛(ài)你。

        Whatever you say, I won’t believe you. 不管你說(shuō)什么,我決不相信你的話。

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞性從句知識(shí)點(diǎn):這個(gè)答句是什么從句

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

        請(qǐng)看下面的題,答句是個(gè)什么從句?

        “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “_________ I was last night.”

        A. That B. When C. Where D. What

        【分析】此題應(yīng)選 C,其余三項(xiàng)均有可能誤選,答句為省略句,其完整形式為 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night. (where 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句)。請(qǐng)看以下類似試題:

        (1) “What made her so happy?” “_________ her son passed the college entrance examinations.”

        A. That B. 不填 C. Since D. For

        【分析】此題選A,為That her son passed the college entrance examinations made her so happy. 之省略。

        (2) “What did she tell you?” “_________ she would be late”

        A. That B. When C. Where D. Whether

        【分析】此題選A,為 She told me that would be late. 之省略。

        (3) “What did he ask you?” “_________ I would be late.”

        A. That B. When C. Where D. Whether

        【分析】此題選D,為 He asked me whether I would be late. 之省略。

        類似地,下面一句是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ):

        (4) “What made you so upset?” “_________ my wallet.”

        A. Lost B. Losing C. Having lost D. Being lost

        【分析】此題選B,為 Losing my wallet made me so upset. 之省略。

        英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞性從句知識(shí)點(diǎn):whichever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的用法

        【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全,希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

        whichever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),相義相當(dāng)于any that, anyone who,通常譯為“無(wú)論哪個(gè)……都”“無(wú)論誰(shuí)……都”。如:

        Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪一個(gè),哪一個(gè)就是你的。

        Whichever comes in first will receive a prize. 誰(shuí)先到就會(huì)獲獎(jiǎng)。

        whichever有時(shí)還可以修飾名詞或后接表示范圍的of短語(yǔ)。如:

        Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪個(gè)隊(duì)得分最多,哪個(gè)隊(duì)就贏。

        Whichever of them gains the most points wins. 他們中哪一個(gè)得分最多,哪一個(gè)就贏。

        注意,不要與whichever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(=no matter which)時(shí)的用法相混淆。如:

        Whichever side wins, I shall be happy. 不管哪邊贏,我都會(huì)高興。

        Whichever he chooses, he is damned. 無(wú)論他挑選哪一個(gè)都會(huì)倒霉。

        Whichever method you use, the result is much the same. 不論你用哪一種方法,結(jié)果都差不多。

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