全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程（第二版）第四冊課文翻譯完整版
本文提供全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程（第二版）第四冊第一課、第二課、第三課、第四課、第五課、第六課課文翻譯，精準的課文內(nèi)容翻譯幫助大家更好地理解好課文。
第一課 The Icy Defender課文翻譯如下：
1、In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.
1812年，法國皇帝拿破侖?波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。他準備好俄羅斯人民會為保衛(wèi)祖國而奮勇抵抗。他準備好在俄羅斯廣袤的國土上要經(jīng)過長途跋涉才能進軍首都莫斯科。但他沒有料到在莫斯科他會遭遇勁敵—俄羅斯陰冷凄苦的寒冬。
2、In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.
1941年，納粹德國元首阿道夫?希特勒進攻當時被稱作蘇聯(lián)的俄羅斯。希特勒的軍事實力堪稱無敵。他的戰(zhàn)爭機器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。希特勒希望速戰(zhàn)速決，但是，就像在他之前的拿破侖一樣，他得到的是痛苦的教訓(xùn)。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。
Napoleon's Campaign
3、In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military force was called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.
拿破侖發(fā)起的戰(zhàn)役
1812年春，拿破侖在俄國邊境屯兵60萬。這些士兵受過良好訓(xùn)練，作戰(zhàn)力強，裝備精良。這支軍隊被稱為大軍。拿破侖對馬到成功充滿自信，預(yù)言要在5個星期內(nèi)攻下俄國。
4、Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick, decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.
不久，拿破侖的大軍渡過涅曼河進入俄國。拿破侖期盼著的速決速勝遲遲沒有發(fā)生。令他吃驚的是，俄國人并不奮起抵抗。相反，他們一路東撤，沿途焚毀莊稼和民居。大軍緊追不舍，但它的長驅(qū)直入很快由于糧草運輸緩慢而停頓下來。
5、In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching winter? 到了8月，法俄兩軍在斯摩棱斯克交戰(zhàn)，這一戰(zhàn)役中，雙方各有上萬人陣亡。可是，俄國人仍能在自己的國土上繼續(xù)后撤。拿破侖未能取得決定性的勝利。此刻他面臨著一個重要抉擇。是繼續(xù)追擊俄國軍隊，還是把軍隊駐扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那兒度過將到的冬天?
6 、Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. By nightfall, thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
拿破侖孤注一擲，決定向遠在448公里之外的莫斯科進發(fā)。1812年9月7日，法俄兩軍在莫斯科以西112公里外的鮑羅季諾激戰(zhàn)。夜幕降臨時，3萬名法國士兵以及4.4萬名俄國士兵或傷或亡，倒在了戰(zhàn)場上。
7、 Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory. The Russians fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a truce to Alexander I, but the Russian czar knew he could bide his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war for us."
俄國軍隊再次撤往安全之處。拿破侖順利進入莫斯科，然而，對該市的占領(lǐng)成為毫無意義的'勝利。俄國人棄城而走。法國人進城不久，一場熊熊大火燒毀了整個城市的三分之二。拿破侖向亞歷山大一世提出停戰(zhàn)，但沙皇深知他可以等待時機：“且讓俄羅斯的嚴冬為我們戰(zhàn)斗吧。”
8 、Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
拿破侖很快意識到，他無法在冬天向遠在莫斯科的軍隊供應(yīng)糧草、提供御寒衣物和宿營之地。1812年10月，他命令大軍撤出莫斯科。
9、 The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From fields and forests, the Russians launched hit-and-run attacks on the French. A short distance from Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to minus 4 degrees Celsius. On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted horses fell dead in their tracks. Cannon became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.
法軍的撤離成為一場噩夢。俄國人出沒于田野與森林，采用打了就跑的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，向法國人發(fā)起攻擊。剛出莫斯科城，氣溫就降到攝氏零下4度。11月3日降下初雪。困乏的馬匹倒地而死。大炮陷入雪中。裝備只得被用作燃料焚燒。士兵們?nèi)静鏊�。法國士兵拖著腳步行進，一路上留下無數(shù)死尸。
10、 As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the swollen river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the tattered survivors limped toward Vilna.
正當俄羅斯軍隊集聚兵力之時，法國人卻不得不逃離俄國，以避免注定的失敗。在別列茲那河，俄國人焚燒了漲水的河道上的橋梁，差點將后撤的法軍困于河邊。僥幸的是，拿破侖居然突擊造起兩座橋。成千上萬法國士兵得以逃脫，但卻損失了5萬人。渡過別列茲拿河，潰不成軍的幸存者一瘸一拐地向維爾紐行進。
11、 Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The weakened French army continued its retreat westward across Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a powerful alliance and attacked these stragglers. In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon abdicated and went into exile, his empire at an end.
拿破侖發(fā)兵60萬進入俄國，只有不到10萬士兵返回。元氣大傷的法國軍隊在歐洲繼續(xù)西撤。不久，英國、奧地利、俄國以及普魯士組成強大的聯(lián)盟，攻擊這些散兵游勇。1814年3月，巴黎被攻占。拿破侖退位去過流放生活，他締造的帝國隨之滅亡。