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      高考英語情態(tài)動詞語法講解

      時間:2022-12-09 05:24:15 高考英語 我要投稿

      高考英語情態(tài)動詞語法講解

        1、情態(tài)動詞 + have done sth

      高考英語情態(tài)動詞語法講解

        這個結(jié)構(gòu)有著特殊意義:用來表示猜測(設想可能發(fā)生過什么事情)或

        想象(設想可能出現(xiàn)過什么不同的情況)

       、賡hould (ought to) have done sth 本來該做而未做

        This wall oughtn’t to have been painted blue.

        ②need have done sth 本來有必要做而未做

        You needn’t have told her the news.

       、踡ust have done sth 對過去所做動作的肯定推測

        ---We went to Paris.

        ---That must have been nice.

       、躢an have done sth 對過去所做動作的否定或疑問推測

        I don’t think he can have heard you. Call again.

        Where can John have put the matches?

       、輒ay (might) have done sth 過去可能發(fā)生某事,與could相比,may和 might可能性較小,might 可能性更小;might 也可表示過去可能發(fā)生而未發(fā)生的事情。

        Polly’s very late----she may (might) have missed her etrain.

        You were stupid to try climbing there. You might have killed youself

       、辌ould have done sth

        ●推測過去可能發(fā)生某事 (同can, 但can不用肯定句)

        She could have gone off with some friends.

        ●表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性:某事可能發(fā)生,但卻沒有發(fā)生

        You were stupid to go skiing there----you could have broken your leg.

        ●表示有能力做而未做(虛擬語氣)

        You could have helped me !

        (You were able to help me, but you didn’t.)

        2、can could be able to 表示能力

        ●can 通常表示現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力---即你無論什么時候想做就能

        做到的能力, 指單純的表示一個人有某種能力。

        You can certainly cook, even if you can’t do anything else.

        ●be able to表示某人通過努力、克服困難做成某事。

        will be able to 表示將來的能力

        I’ll be able to speak German in another few months.

        ●could 表達 一般的能力---即你過去想干什么就可以干什么

        She could sing like an angel when she was a kid.

        但could 不能表達過去某種具體的能力,此時用was able to, managed to 或 succeeded in 等

        How many eggs were you able to get ?

        3、can, could, may和might 表示可能性

        ●可用來表示:①理論上的可能性(不涉及是否真發(fā)生);②提出建議

       。ㄌ岢鼋鉀Q某個問題的可能辦法或者采取的行動);③在問句或否定句中表達現(xiàn)在的可能性)

        Anybody who wants to can become a prison visitor.

       、---What shall we do ?

        ---We can try asking Lucy for help.②

        Who can that be at the door ? Can it be Polly?③

        ●may可用來表達:①將來的可能性;②說話時某事可能是真實的

        We may go climbing this summer.①

        You may be right.②

        ●could / might可用來表示:①說話時某事可能是真實的;②將來

        某事有可能發(fā)生,但不表示特別可能發(fā)生。

        You could be right, but I don’t think you are.①

        It could rain later on this evening.②

        4、can, could, may 和might表示允許

        ①請求允許:它們都可以表示請求允許做某事,could 和 might并不是表示過去

        Can (May, Could) I borrow your umbrella ?

       、谠试S:當我們允許某人做某事時,我們用can和may來表達,而不能使用could和might

        You may / can watch TV for as long as you like. (不用could, might; mustn’t 有拒絕的意思)

        Could I use your phone?

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