Lesson 36 Across the Channel 【New words and expressions】（8） record n. 記錄 strong adj. 強(qiáng)壯的 swimmer n. 游泳運(yùn)動員 succeed v. 成功 train v. 訓(xùn)練 anxiously adv. 焦急地 intend v. 打算 solid adj. 固體的，硬的 ★record [5rekC:d] n. 記錄；[rI5kC:d] vt. 記錄 break the record 破記錄 set up a record = make a record 創(chuàng)記錄 hold the record = keep the record 保持記錄 equalize the recorder 平記錄 (equalize [5i:kwElaiz] vt.使相等, 補(bǔ)償) recorder [rI5kC:dE(r)] n. 錄音機(jī) 如果同一詞音節(jié)落在第一個音節(jié)的重音, 肯定是名詞, 重音落在第二個音節(jié)肯定是動詞 record [5rekC:d] n. 記錄；[rI5kC:d] vt. 記錄 present [5preznt] n. 禮物；adj. 現(xiàn)在的；[ pri5zent ] v. 贈送 desert [5dezEt] n. 沙漠；[dI5z\:t] v. 廢棄 ★strong adj. 強(qiáng)壯的 as strong as horse 象牛一樣壯(馬) strong wind 大風(fēng)； heavy rain 大雨 strong girl (隱示不是很瘦, 結(jié)實(shí)) strong mind 意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng) Out of sight,out of mind. 眼不見, 心不煩 sturdy [5stE:di] adj. 結(jié)實(shí)的, 強(qiáng)健的 robust [rE5bQst] [rEJ5bQst] adj. 身體結(jié)實(shí) (“樂百事” 英文名) strong +運(yùn)動員 獲勝把握比較大，強(qiáng)有力的（“強(qiáng)有力的對手”中的“強(qiáng)有力”就用strong表達(dá)) ★swimmer n. 游泳的人, 游泳者 swimmer 確切的意思是游泳者, 游泳的人 strong swimmer 游泳能手 athlete [5AWli:t] n. 運(yùn)動員(運(yùn)動會上常說的運(yùn)動員) swimming athlete 游泳運(yùn)動員 (這里的“-ing”意為 “用來” ) ★succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth. 做……成功 success n. 成功, 成功的人 successful adj. 成功的 be successful in doing sth fail v. 失敗 fail to do sth. 做……失敗 failure [5feiljE] n. 失敗, 失敗者, 缺乏, 失靈, 故障, 破產(chǎn), 疏忽, <美> 不及格 ★train v. 訓(xùn)練 train sb. to do sth. 訓(xùn)練某人做……(教, 而且有讓人形成某種技能) teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做……(只是教, 會不會不管) trainer n. 教練； trainee n. 受訓(xùn)的人 training center 訓(xùn)練中心 ★anxiously adv. 焦急 anxious adj. 焦急的 ★intend v. 打算 intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth. 打算做某事 ★solid adj. 固體的, 硬的；n. 固體 ① adj. 固體的 She will not eat any solid food. ② adj. 硬的，結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的（指家具、建筑物等） The ice is solid. 冰很硬。 ② n. 固體 【Text】 Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. 參考譯文 黛比·哈特準(zhǔn)備明天橫渡英吉利海峽. 她打算早上5點(diǎn)鐘從法國海岸出發(fā). 黛比只有11歲, 她希望創(chuàng)一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄. 她是一個游泳能手, 很多人認(rèn)為她一定能成功. 黛比的父親將乘一條小船同她一道出發(fā). 哈特先生訓(xùn)練她的'女兒已經(jīng)多年了, 明天他將焦急地注視著女兒游過這段漫長的距離到達(dá)英國. 黛比計(jì)劃每兩小時休息一下. 她將喝些飲料, 但不吃固體食物. 黛比的大部分同學(xué)將在英國海岸等候她. 他們當(dāng)中還會有黛比的母親, 她本人還是個姑娘時, 也曾橫渡過英吉利海峽! 【課文講解】 1、Across the Channel across 橫渡 the Channel＝the English Channel 英吉利海峽(當(dāng)“C”大寫時, 一定是指the English Channel) 2、She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. set out 出發(fā)； set out from… 從某地出發(fā) 3、Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. hope to do sth. 希望自己做…… hope that+從句 希望別人做…… set up為“創(chuàng)立，建立”，可以指某個具體的事物，如set up a school；也可以指抽象的，如某個機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等。 set up a new world record 創(chuàng)造新的世界紀(jì)錄 4、She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. feel (that) +從句 認(rèn)為……，相信……（賓語從句中的that 可以省略） My parents feel that they can believe in you. be sure to do sth. 一定能夠, 必定會（肯定語氣比“must”（must + 動詞原形，表示一定, 一種推測）強(qiáng)，對某件事情動詞有把握） be sure of… (對某件事情, 名詞做賓語) be sure that… (對某件事情, 某人做某事有把握) I am sure that I can do sth.＝I am sure of sth.＝I am sure to do sth. I am sure of my success. = I am sure to succeed. I am sure that I can succeed/be successful. 5、Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. ...with her 同她一道 by boat ， in a boat乘船 6、Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. will be doing 將來進(jìn)行時表達(dá)將來 as＝when swim + 距離 游過多長距離 All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out. We will be watching anxiously as you went (go) out. （牽掛) 7、Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours. rest作“休息”講時，可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞： Today is my day of rest. 今天是我的休息日。 After a long rest, he went on with his work. have(take) a break(rest) 休息 take short rests 休息短時間 every用在表示時間的名詞之前時可譯為“每”，every two hours 每兩個小時 I will plant another tree every three trees. 每隔三棵樹我會再種一棵 8、She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. something to drink 可以喝的東西（不定式作定語） have something to eat/read/do 9、Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. most +n. = most of the +n. 大多數(shù)的…… most young people / most of the young people will be waiting 將來進(jìn)行時 I will be right here wating for you. on the coast 在海邊 10、Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. among [E5mQN] prep. 在……之中, ……之一(三者或三者以上) among them 在他們當(dāng)中（很多人之中） between them 左右各一個人 限定性定語從句/非限定性定語從句 如果是有逗號的是非限定性定語從句, 沒有逗號的是限定性定語從句，非限定性定語從句不可以用that，限定性定語從句少了后面的句子, 這句話意思不完整,非限定性定語從句前面的句子完整, 后面的句子起著補(bǔ)充說明的作用，非限定性定語從句一旦有逗號隔開, 后面的句子和前面的句子關(guān)系不緊密, 起補(bǔ)充作用。 Among them will be Debbie's mother. 這句是一個倒裝句，正常的語序應(yīng)為Debbie’s mother will be among them. 倒裝句：地點(diǎn)+will+名詞 常見的倒裝句：Here you are. / Here is my ticket. 全部倒裝：地點(diǎn)(介詞短語或副詞)+動詞+名詞 倒裝句型中如果主語是名詞, 放在動詞后面, 如果是代詞, 放在動詞前面, 如Here you are. 在運(yùn)動場上常用的口語： Well to go. / Well done. / Yea! / Yeah! bingo [5biN^Eu] int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示興奮的叫聲)瞧! Go！ 加油 【Letter Writing】 當(dāng)書寫地址時，常常不寫地區(qū)或郵區(qū)的全稱。有時只寫名稱的一部分或只用大寫字母。如：Berkshire寫成Berks.，California寫成Calif.，North West 3縮寫成N.W.3，New York縮寫成N.Y.。 【Key structure】 將來時 表示將來的結(jié)構(gòu)： ① be to ② be about to ③ be going to 表將來 ④ intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth. 打算做某事 I intend to have a company. = I am going to have a company. ⑤ plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事 ⑥ mean to do sth. 打算做某事 : What do you mean to do(intend to do)? ⑦ aim to do sth. 打算做某事 ⑧ I will do sth.＝I intend to do sth. plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do 這類詞本身沒有將來時態(tài), 本身就表示將來, 用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時 be going to常用于口語中，在正式的書面語中通常用will而不用be going to。在陳述句和疑問句中, 常常可用be going to來替代shall或will。但有時不能用be going to代替shall或will： You will enjoy yourself if you travel by sea. 如果你乘船旅游, 你會玩得很開心的. 在非正式語體下，要表示意圖、打算，強(qiáng)調(diào)計(jì)劃和安排，表示說話人也許對即將發(fā)生的事預(yù)先有所了解時，一般用be going to 而不用will： What do you intend to do at home? I’m going to watch TV. They’re going to be married soon. 如果表示說話時決定去做某事，或者表示建議、請求、肯定或不肯定等含義時，要用will而不用 be going to： You won’t forget to bring something to sleep in, will you? （表示建議） Don’t worry! I’ll bring a sleeping bag. （表示決定） I shan’t be able to look after the baby and cook lunch. （表示肯定） I’ll look after the baby while you cook lunch. （表示決定） Tomorrow will be Tuesday. 【Special Difficulties】 Watch, Look at, Follow Watch (something happening) 觀看 (正在發(fā)生的事情)，注視，注意看 Do you have to watch me eating my supper? 你非得看我吃晚飯嗎？ How long have you been watching the race? Look at 仔細(xì)看，（留意）看 Look at the blackboard. 看黑板。 Follow (go after) 跟隨 (走在后面) I followed my mother into the kitchen. 我跟著母親走進(jìn)廚房. The dog followed me all the way home. 在特定的時候，follow也可以表示注視，即用目光“跟隨”： Have you ever seen a cat follow/watch a bird’s every movement? 你有沒有見過貓注視鳥的一舉一動？ Solid, Firm, Stable Solid (not liquid) 固體的 (非流體的)，硬的(固體)；結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的（指家具、建筑物等） This is a solid table. 這張桌子很結(jié)實(shí)。 Firm ① (not loose) 穩(wěn)固的 (不松動)，不會更改的，牢固的 I've fixed that hook. It is firm now. 我把魚鉤固定好了, 現(xiàn)在它很牢固. This table is firm. You can stand on it. ② (not doubtful) (無疑) 表示態(tài)度、信念等堅(jiān)定的、堅(jiān)決的 He gave me a firm refusal. 他斷然拒絕. He is firm about going abroad. 在出國這件事上他態(tài)度很堅(jiān)決。 ③ (not lenient) 嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的 You must be very firm with that child. 對那個孩子你一定要非常嚴(yán)格. Stable [5steibl] (often describing character) 堅(jiān)定的，穩(wěn)重的, 可靠的，可信賴的（指人的性格）；穩(wěn)定的，穩(wěn)固的（指工作、機(jī)構(gòu)、環(huán)境等） He is a very stable person. 他是一個性格堅(jiān)定的人. He is not a very stable person. 他不太穩(wěn)重/可靠。 I’m glad that you’ve got a stable job now. Exercise 練習(xí) 用上面的詞填空 : 1 I came to a ______ decision and I will not change my mind. 2 I stood on the bridge and ______ the boats passing by. 3 May I ______ your photograph album? 4 The ice in the pond is so ______ that you can walk to it. 5 I tried to persuade him but he remained ______. 1. firm come to a decision/make a decision 下定決心 come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 (conclusion [kEn5klu:VEn] n.結(jié)束, 締結(jié), 結(jié)論) 2.watched watch sb. doing sth.(句型結(jié)構(gòu)) 3.look at 4.so solid如此的堅(jiān)硬 The ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.(不加 “it”) =The ice in the pond is so solid that you can walk on it. The room is clean enough to live in. =The room is so clean that we can live there. 5. firm. (不改變主意的用 “firm” ) 【Multiple choice questions】 3 She is sure to succeed. Many people feel sure ___d___ it. a. to b. for c. in d. of sure of+n；sure to do sth. ；sure that… 4 He will be watching her anxiously ___c___ she swims the long distance to England. a. though meanwhile b. meanwhile c. while d. during as 由于；當(dāng)……時候（＝when, while） during prep. 在……期間，后面不會加句子 though meanwhile 雖然, 有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思 meanwhile＝at the same time=meantime n. 其間, 其時；adv. 其間 however adv. 然而（副詞只能修飾句子或動詞, 起修飾作用） 8 Debbie hopes to ___b___ a new world record. a. do b. make c. build d. fix set up a record = make a record 破記錄 9 She is sure to succeed. She's sure to be ___a___. a. successful b. success c. succession d. a succession succession [sEk5seFEn] n. 連續(xù), 繼承, 繼任者, 演替, [農(nóng)業(yè)] 輪栽, 連續(xù)性 be +adj. 系表結(jié)構(gòu) be+n. 前者＝后者 (前者和后者是等號關(guān)系)