準(zhǔn)備參加2017年英語四級(jí)考試的小伙伴，不妨看看2016年12月英語四級(jí)的閱讀題吧！下面陽光網(wǎng)啦小編給大家分享的2016年12月英語四級(jí)閱讀題及參考答案，希望能幫到你!

　　2016年12月英語四級(jí)閱讀題及參考答案：Section A

　　Many men and women have long bought into the idea that there are “male” and “female” brains, believing that explains just about every difference between the sexes. A new study 26 that belief, questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender.

　　In the study, Tel Aviv University researchers 27 for sex differences throughout the entire human brain and what did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for 28 brains as “male” or“female”,research shows that brains fall into a wide range , with most people falling right in the middle.

　　Daphna Joel ,who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender‐

　　Based 29, many different types of brain can’t always be distinguished by gender.

　　While the “average” male and “average” female brains were 30 different, you couldn’t tell it by looking at individual brain scans. Only a small 31 of people had “all-male” or “all-female” characteristics.

　　Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家)，said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning 32 beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding from this study that all brains are the same, 33 of gender. “There’s a mountain of evidence 34 the importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function ,”he told The Seattle Times.

　　If anything, he said, the study 35that gender plays a very important role in the brain—“even when we are not clear exactly how.”

　　A) Abnormal I) regardless

　　B) applied) searched

　　C) Briefly K) similarities

　　D) categorizing L)slightly

　　E)challenges M) suggests

　　F)figure N)tastes

　　G)percentage O)traditional

　　H)proving

　　答案解析：

　　26題E)challenges，詞性為動(dòng)詞，因其前后都有名詞，形式為或動(dòng)詞單三(本段整體時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以動(dòng)詞過去式不太可能)，因其主語為單數(shù)，所以答案鎖定在EMN中，根據(jù)空前主語中的New study判定新研究肯定和舊觀念是不一致或相反的，故答案為E)challenges 質(zhì)疑。

　　27題J) searched，因其前有研究人員為主語，判定詞性為動(dòng)詞， 通過前文的” In the study, “和后文的” what did they find?” 確定為動(dòng)詞過去式，答案鎖定在BJ中，而applied for 意為“申請(qǐng)”,不符合文章大意，而J)選項(xiàng)searched for 可以同意替換后面的find,故為正確答案。

　　28題 D) categorizing, 空前為介詞for,故此空應(yīng)為名詞或動(dòng)名詞，而空后出現(xiàn)brains as “male” or “female”，故只能為for doing sth1 as sth2的結(jié)構(gòu)，故只能填唯一的一個(gè)ing動(dòng)名詞形式，答案為D。

　　29題 K) similarities，根據(jù)空前的句子 “there are some gender-based…”，該空應(yīng)填入名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。瀏覽選項(xiàng)，E), K), N)符合。再根據(jù)句意及空格后的句子“不同類型的大腦并不一直由性別區(qū)分”，該空應(yīng)填入K) similarities “相似之處”。

　　30題 L) slightly，空格前為be動(dòng)詞were，后為形容詞different，很顯然該空的詞是來修飾different的，因此應(yīng)填入副詞。結(jié)合文意可知，雖然普通男性和普通女性的大腦差別很小，但是通過查看腦部掃描光片也沒法對(duì)其進(jìn)行區(qū)分。slightly為副詞，意為“輕微地，稍微”，所以應(yīng)填入L)。

　　31題 G)percentage，a small…of，此空必為名詞，整體構(gòu)成量詞修飾people,答案從FG中鎖定，而 a small percentage of 表示“一少部分”，而F選項(xiàng)并無此搭配。

　　32題 O)traditional，填空處前為動(dòng)作，后為名詞，所以此空必定只能填形容詞，去修飾beliefs,

　　而前面提到the study (新觀點(diǎn)) questioning(質(zhì)疑)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)，故答案為traditional,傳統(tǒng)的。

　　33題 I) regardless ，填空出前的句子說明所有腦子都相同，和性別無關(guān)，故答案為regardless of “不管”，為固定搭配。

　　34題 H)proving，填空前為there be 句型，是完整的句子，填空后的部分為解釋a mountain of evidence “大量證據(jù)”的補(bǔ)充成分，填空處后為名詞，所以填空處只能填動(dòng)作proving”證明”，語義也通順，因填空處與后面的名詞為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以不能填被動(dòng)，也不能填to do不定式，因填空處只能填一個(gè)詞。

　　35題 M) suggests，因其前有名詞主語”這項(xiàng)研究“，其后有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，故判定此空詞性為動(dòng)詞單三，，所以答案鎖定在MN中，根據(jù)大意，M) suggests “暗示” 為答案。

　　2016年12月英語四級(jí)閱讀題及參考答案：Section B

　　Can Burglars Jam Your wireless Security System?

　　[A] Any product that promises to protect your home deserves careful examination. So it isn’t surprising that you’ll find plenty of strong opinion about the potential vulnerabilities of popular home-security systems.

　　[B] The most likely type of burglary(入室盜竊) by far is the unsophisticated crime of opportunity, usually involving a broken or some forced entry. According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly two-thirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2003. The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something like a window being left open. The FBI doesn’t even track those statistics.

　　[C] One of the main theoretical home-security concerns is whether or not a given system is

　　Vulnerable to being blocked from working altogether. With wired setups, the fear is that a

　　burglar(入室盜竊)might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable.

　　With a wireless setup, you stick battery-powered sensor up around your home that keeps an

　　eye on windows, doors, motion, and more. If they detect something wrong while the system is armed, they’ll transmit a wireless alert signal to a a base station that will then raise the alarm.

　　That approach will eliminate most cord-cutting concerns-but what about their wireless equivalent, jamming? With the right device tuned to the right frequency, what’s to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?

　　[D] Jamming concerns are nothing new, and they’re not unique to security systems. Any device

　　That’s built to receive a wireless signal at a specific can be overwhelmed by a stronger signal coming in on the same frequency. For comparison, let’s say you wanted to “jam” a conversation between two people-all you’d need to do is yell in the listener’s ear.

　　[E] Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast on-that means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Googling. They will, however, need to know what system they’ are looking for. If you have a sign in your yard declaring what setup you use, that’d point them in the right direction, thought at that point, we’ are talking about a highly targeted, semi-sophisticated attack, and not the sort of forced-entry attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. It’s easier to find and acquire jamming equipment for some frequencies than it is for others.

　　[F] Wireless security providers will often take steps to help combat the threat of jamming attacks. SimpliSafe, winner of our Editors’ Choice distinction, utilizes a special system that’s capable of separating incidental RF interference form targeted jamming attacks. When the system thinks it’s being jammed, it’ll notify you via push alert (推送警報(bào)). From there, it’s up to you to sound the alarm manually.

　　[G] SimpliSafe was singled out in one recent article on jamming, complete with a video showing the entire system being effectively bypassed with handheld jamming equipment .After taking appropriate measure to contain the RF interference to our test lab, we tested the attack out for ourselves, and were able to verify that it’ is possible with the right equipment. However, we also verified that SimpliSafe’s anti-jamming system words. It caught us in the act, sent an alert to my smart phone, and also listed our RF interference on the system’s event log. The team behind the article and video in question make no mention of the system, or whether or not it detected them.

　　[H] We like the unique nature of that software. It means that a thief likely wouldn’t be able to Google how the system words, then figure out a way around it. Even if they could, SimpliSafe claims that its system is always evolving, and that it varies slightly form system to system, which means there wouldn’t be a universal magic formula for cracking it. Other systems also seem confident on the subject of jamming. The team at Frontpoint addresses the issue in a blog on its site, citing their own jam protection software and claiming that there aren’t any documented cases of a successful jam attack since the company began offering wireless security sensors in the 1980s.

　　[I] Jamming attacks are absolutely possible. As said before, with the right equipment and the right know-how, it’s possible to jam any wireless transmission. But how probable is it that someone will successfully jam their way into your home and steal your stuff?

　　[J] Let’s imagine that you live in a small home with a wireless security setup that offers a functional anti-jamming system. First, a thief is going to need to target your home, specifically. Then, he’s going to need to know the technical details of your system and acquire the specific equipment necessary for jamming your specific setup. Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while you’re away, so the thief will still need to break in. That means defeating the lock somehow, or breaking a window .He’ll need to be jamming you at this point, as a broken window or opened door would normally release the alarm .So, too, would the motion detectors in your home, so the thief will need to continue jamming once he’s inside and searching for things to steal. However, he’ll need to do so without tripping the anti-jamming system, the details of which he almost certainly does not have access to.

　　[K] At the end of the day, these kinds of systems are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack that makes up the majority of burglaries. They’re also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home,

　　one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exploit lighting at night. No system is impenetrable, and none can promise to eliminate the worst case completely. Every one of them has vulnerabilities that a knowledgeable thief could theoretically exploit. A good system is one that keeps that worst-case setting as improbable as possible while also offering strong protection in the event of a less-extraordinary attack.

　　36. It is possible for burglars to make jamming attacks with the necessary equipment and skill.

　　37. Interfering with a wireless security system is similar to interfering with a conversation.

　　38. A burglar has to continuously jam the wireless security device to avoid triggering the alarm,

　　both inside and outside the house.

　　39. SimpliSafe provides devices that are able to distinguish incidental radio interference from

　　targeted jamming attacks.

　　40. Only a very small proportion of burglaries are committed by technical means.

　　41. It is difficult to crack SimpliSafe as its system keeps changing.

　　42. Wireless devices will transmit signals so as to activate the alarm once something wrong is

　　detected.

　　43. Different measures should be taken to protect one’s home from burglary in addition to the

　　wireless security system.

　　44. SimpliSafe’s device can send a warning to the house owner’s cellphone.

　　45. Burglars can easily get a security device’s frequency by Internet search.

　　答案解析：

　　36題，答案I。根據(jù)原文第一句Jamming attacks are absolutely possible，第二句，with the right equipment…it’s possible to jam any wireless transmission…。

　　37題，答案D。根據(jù)原文they’re not unique to security systems. 對(duì)應(yīng)提干中的security system，原文中的…a wireless signal… overwhelmed by a stronger signal…. same frequency,對(duì)于原文的wireless, interfere和similar。

　　38題，答案J。根據(jù)原文Presumably, you keep your doors locked at night and while you’re away, so the thief will still need to break in.對(duì)應(yīng)提干中的outside the house。根據(jù)原文so the thief(=A burglar) … continue jamming(=continuously jam) once he’s inside(=inside)….

　　39題，答案F。原文SimpliSafe(=題干SimpliSafe),… utilizes a special system(=題干devices) that’s capable of separating(=題干are able to distinguish) incidental RF interference form targeted jamming attacks(=題干interference from targeted jamming attacks. ).

　　40題，答案B。原文在說據(jù)FBI稱，大部分的入室盜竊手法都很粗糙，采取破門或強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入的占了案例的三分之二，而剩下的采用技術(shù)來盜竊，即本段最后一句The wide majority of the rest were illegal, unforced entries that resulted from something like a window being left open.這與B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思是相同，即只有很少部分人采用技術(shù)犯罪，Only a very small proportion of burglaries are committed by technical means.

　　41題，答案為H。原文…, SimpliSafe(=題干：SimpliSafe) claims that its system is always evolving(=題干：keeps changing), and that it varies slightly form system to system(=題干：keeps changing), which means there wouldn’t be a universal magic formula for cracking(=題干：crack) it.

　　42題，答案為C。原文. If they detect something wrong while the system is armed, they’ll transmit a wireless alert signal to a a base station that will then raise the alarm.與題干Wireless devices will transmit signals so as to activate the alarm once something wrong is detected.屬于同義替換：一旦某些錯(cuò)誤被探測到，無線裝置就會(huì)傳送信號(hào)去激活警報(bào)器。

　　43題，答案為K。此段的第一句就是題干的同意替換，

　　these kinds of systems(=題干：Different measures) are primarily designed to protect against the sort of opportunistic smash-and-grab attack that makes up the majority of burglaries (=題干：protect one’s home from burglary). 講的是出了無限安全系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)之外，對(duì)于避免侵害，人們應(yīng)該使用更多種的防護(hù)方式。

　　44題，答案為G。根據(jù)原文第三句…It caught us in the act, sent an alert to my smartphone,

　　找到為題干的同意替換：SimpliSafe’s device can send a warning to the house owner’s cellphone.

　　45題，答案為E。通過本段的第一句：a… thief can find …. Googling，盜竊犯很容易通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索找到安全設(shè)備頻率，即:Burglars can easily get a security device’s frequency by Internet search.

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