張培基英譯散文賞析之《困水記》

時(shí)間：2024-09-26 12:40:23 英語四級(jí) 我要投稿

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張培基英譯散文賞析之《困水記》

困水記

張培基英譯散文賞析之《困水記》

何為

Stranded in a Flood

He Wei

本月上旬,相隔僅一天,我家老房子先后遭逢兩次水災(zāi)。舊筑地處繁華市區(qū)的低洼地,多年來常為積水所困,但水漫廚房乃至客廳,登堂入室,以今年這兩次最為嚴(yán)重,尤其是第二次。

Early this month, my old house was twice flooded within three days. Situated in a low-lying part of the busy downtown area, it has for years been subject to floods. But the worst flood occurred this year, especially after the second rain, without kitchen, sitting room and even bedrooms all covered with water.

要點(diǎn):

1,題目“困水記”意為“記一次困在洪水里的經(jīng)歷”,可譯為 Stranded in a Flood 或Stuck in a Flood

2,“相隔僅一天,我家老房子先后遭逢兩次水災(zāi)”譯為my old house was twice flooded within three days.此處譯者并未直譯,而是根據(jù)意思重新組織行文,譯為“我家老房子三天遭了兩次水”

3,“多年來常為積水所困”意即“多年來常被水淹”,譯為it has for years been subject to floods.

4,“登堂入室”比喻學(xué)問或技能從淺到深,達(dá)到很高的水平。但此處作者取的是它字面上的意思,即“使客廳乃至臥室都浸在水里”

綜述:依照原文的意思,從寫作的高度重新組織行文在翻譯中是很重要的一個(gè)技巧 ,只有多加練習(xí),不斷提高自己的雙語水平,才能更加自如的運(yùn)營(yíng)~

是日,上午十點(diǎn)許,出門上街到對(duì)馬路的醫(yī)院治眼疾。不久就聽到雨聲雷聲,頃刻間窗外白茫茫的雨水混沌一片。百年罕見的特大暴雨,狂瀉如瀑布,如山洪暴發(fā)。雨水的急驟猛烈,雨量之大,真是驚心動(dòng)魄。

On the morning of that day, I went to the hospital on the other side of the street at about 10 o’clock to see an eye-doctor. Soon a fierce thunderstorm broke out and I saw a vast expanse of foamy floodwater outside the window. It was an exceptionally serious rainstorm, dashing down like a cataract or mountain torrents. What a scary scene!

要點(diǎn): 本段主要是對(duì)于暴雨的描寫

1,“頃刻間窗外白茫茫的雨水混沌一片”中的“白茫茫”是指由于雨勢(shì)過猛而產(chǎn)生的泡沫,因此譯為foamy(泡沫的,起泡沫的)

2,dash down意為“沖下來”,dash意為“猛沖,匆忙完成,使破滅”用在此處很形象地表現(xiàn)了洪水暴雨的猛烈之勢(shì),之前我們?cè)凇段业臅S生活》中也見到過它的另一個(gè)詞組dash off,意為“匆忙完成”

治病購藥完畢,只能在候診大廳呆等,病人都被突如其來的狂風(fēng)暴雨困住了。坐在我旁邊的一位七十多歲病者,為坐困水城頻頻嘆氣。此公聽說多年前我住過的羈旅之地,頓時(shí)眉飛色舞提高嗓門,大說其福州話,原來他是福州人。說起當(dāng)?shù)氐囊贿B串風(fēng)味小吃,兩人如數(shù)家珍,談得津津有味。話一停,發(fā)現(xiàn)外面的陸地成了海洋,于是只能坐下來再談榕城風(fēng)情,借以消磨時(shí)間。

The patients were stranded by the sudden downpour. All we could do was sit in the big hospital waiting room after having the prescriptions filled. Sitting by my side was a patient in his seventies. He kept sighing over the nasty weather. Learning that I had been a dweller of Fuzhou many years ago, he brightened up at once and began to speak the Fuzhou dialect loudly. He turned out to be a native of Fuzhou. We began to chat with relish about the typical local delicacies of Fuzhou like we were enumerating our family treasures. Then, during a break in the conversation, we found the streets submerged by water, so we had to sit down and resume chatting about Fuzhou so as to while away the time.

要點(diǎn):

1,“購藥完畢”意即“配完藥”譯為after having the prescription filled

2,“為坐困水城頻頻嘆氣”譯者依舊是上升到理解的高度,譯為He kept sighing over the nasty weather,即“為這惡劣的天氣而不斷嘆氣”

3,“如數(shù)家珍”意即“好象數(shù)自己家藏的珍寶那樣清楚。比喻對(duì)所講的事情十分熟悉。”譯為like we were enumerating our family treasures

4,“再談榕城風(fēng)情”即“重新討論福州”譯為resume chatting about Fuzhou

5,“消磨時(shí)間”譯為while away the time,其中while away 也可換為wear down; fritter away; idle away

綜述: 本段句式不難,需要注意的是一些四字詞的翻譯,如“眉飛色舞”“津津有味”“如數(shù)家珍”等等

暴雨來勢(shì)雖猛,其實(shí)時(shí)間并不太長(zhǎng),由于苦等心焦,感到這場(chǎng)雨像是沒完沒了。終于有人試探地?fù)沃鴤阆蛴杲肿呷?我也跟著起步踏上歸程。

The violent storm did not last long at all. But it seemed interminable due to my impatience. At last, as I saw someone venture into the wet street under an umbrella, I just followed suit.

要點(diǎn):

1,“我也跟著起步踏上歸程”即“我也跟著這樣做”譯為I just followed suit.

醫(yī)院的邊門距我家不過一箭之遙,過馬路不遠(yuǎn)就是我家的弄堂口。這一段路歷年來不知翻修過多少次,無奈下大雨積水為患,始終沒有解決。這一天路面更是大水泛濫,水深及膝,我別無選擇,只能穿著皮鞋在澤國(guó)中小心翼翼地蹣跚而行。

It’s only a stone’s throw from the hospital to my home,which is situated at the entrance of a lane across the street. The section of the street here has undergone repair I don’t know how many times in recent years, yet it still bloods whenever there is a rain. Now, on that day, it was flooded knee-deep because of an especially heavy rain. All I could do was stagger along cautiously in the deep water in my leather shoes.

要點(diǎn):

1,“醫(yī)院的邊門距我家不過一箭之遙”中的“一箭之遙”意即“相當(dāng)于一箭射程的距離。比喻相距不遠(yuǎn)”譯為It’s only a stone’s throw from the hospital to my home,

2,“歷年來不知翻修過多少次”譯為has undergone repair I don’t know how many times in recent years,其中I don’t know how是常見的一個(gè)插入語,通常出現(xiàn)在有“不知”字眼的句中,例如在《我坐了木船》中“跑了不知多少趟”也應(yīng)用了此類表達(dá),譯為After making you don't know how many visits

3,“這一天路面更是大水泛濫,水深及膝”譯為Now, on that day, it was flooded knee-deep because of an especially heavy rain.注意“大水泛濫”和“水深及膝”的隱含因果關(guān)系

偏偏最近又在修路,通行的只是一半馬路,路上坑坑洼洼高高低低,過馬路又必須從丁字路口繞道過去。行人很少。我顫巍巍地涉水步行,忽然想起自己的年齡。小時(shí) 候,總感到年齡屬于七老八十的長(zhǎng)輩們,與自己無關(guān)。我的祖父六十歲時(shí)早已蓄須,不免顯得老態(tài),那時(shí)我只有十歲�，F(xiàn)在我年已八十,在渾濁的水中,有如滾滾浪潮中的一葉孤舟。我閃避汽車開過的泥水飛濺,艱難地過馬路,進(jìn)弄堂,推入家門,廚房里滿地積水,過道上也是積水,甚至地面較高的客堂后間也浸滿大水。除了冰箱已提前移開,家具都被水淹,我只有望洋興嘆。

It happened that the street was under repair with only half of it for free passage, but full of bumps and hollows. One had to make a detour at a T-juncture. There were few pedestrians. As I tottered through the water, I suddenly thought of my age. When I was a kid, I used to think that age had nothing to do with me and associated it instead only with my elders in their seventies or eighties. When I was ten, my grandpa, at sixty, looked quite old for his age because of the beard he was wearing. Now, as an octogenarian, I was like a solitary small boat drifting at the mercy of a large flow of muddy water. I barely managed to cross the street, taking care to dodge the muddy water splashed over by cars. At last I entered the lane and, pushing open the door of my house, I found the kitchen, the passageway and even the place behind the drawing room all flooded. All furniture, except the fridge that had been previously moved elsewhere, was soaking wet. I felt simply helpless.

要點(diǎn):

1,“偏偏”采用固定句式It happened that……

2,“總感到年齡屬于七老八十的長(zhǎng)輩們”譯為associated it instead only with my elders in their seventies or eighties.

3,“我的祖父六十歲時(shí)早已蓄須,不免顯得老態(tài)”譯為my grandpa, at sixty, looked quite old for his age because of the beard he was wearing.注意句中的隱含因果關(guān)系~

4,“現(xiàn)在我年已八十,在渾濁的水中,有如滾滾浪潮中的一葉孤舟”Now, as an octogenarian, I was like a solitary small boat drifting at the mercy of a large flow of muddy water.其中drifting at the mercy of 屬增益成分,意為“在…支配下漂泊”

5,“我只有望洋興嘆”譯為“I felt simply helpless”即“我只感到無可奈何”

綜述: “浸,泡”作為本文出鏡率較高的詞值得引起重視,譯者用了不同的詞來表達(dá),如soak,immerse,submerge等

這次去醫(yī)院不足三小時(shí),大部分時(shí)間都在歸途上蕩漾的水中度過。上了年紀(jì),老年性疾病相繼襲來,生活中不少時(shí)光都消耗在醫(yī)院里。兩個(gè)月前不慎傷腳,竟纏上石膏。“石膏長(zhǎng)靴”剛除去,現(xiàn)在又遇水災(zāi)。一個(gè)目力不濟(jì)的八十老翁,無人扶持,不用拐杖,搖搖晃晃在大水中跋涉,似乎有幾分勇敢,也有幾分悲壯。

被無情的歲月推入老齡社會(huì)的眾多老者,過著凡夫俗子的生活,惟有自勉自勵(lì),加強(qiáng)自我保護(hù)意識(shí),堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地在人生道路上向前走去,否則又如何?

Altogether, it took me less than three hours to see the doctor, but a greater part of the time was spent in wading through the floodwater on my way home. People advanced in age are liable to various kinds of senile disease. That’s why they spend a lot of time in going to hospital. Two months ago, I had one of my legs in plaster after injuring it through carelessness. Now, with the plaster cast removed, I was harassed by a flood. I t seemed a bit of an act of bravery for me, an 80-year-old man with impaired eyesight, to totter through the floodwater without a helping hand or a walking stick. Yet, it’s something of stirring tragedy too.

Many who have been forced into the ageing society by inexorable time are now living the life of common people. They need more self-encouragement and more awareness of self-protection, and should live on with a strong will. What else can they do?

要點(diǎn):

1,“老年性疾病相繼襲來”即“更容易患上各種老年性疾病”譯為are liable to various kinds of senile disease

2,“纏上石膏”意即“上了石膏”譯為have …in paster,

3,“石膏長(zhǎng)靴”指“石膏繃帶”可譯為plaster cast或plaster bandge

4,“也有幾分悲壯”,譯為Yet, it’s something of stirring tragedy too.“悲壯”意為“(聲音、詩文等)悲哀而雄壯;(情節(jié))悲哀而壯烈”,文中取第二種意思,譯為stirring tragedy

5,“否則又如何”可譯為What else can they do?或What can they do otherwise?

綜述: 本文感情真摯,語言流暢,總體來說難度不大,注意四字詞以及擺脫行文束縛,從寫作的高度重新組織語言的技巧,另外,本文在靈活使用動(dòng)詞方面也是值得大家學(xué)習(xí)的。

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