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「商務英語考試（BEC）高級寫作材料」 BEC高級寫作模板
寫作部分
BEC HIGHER寫作部分主要涉及商業(yè)信函和圖表寫作兩部分的內(nèi)容，現(xiàn)具體介紹如下：
商業(yè)信函
第一章 格式問題
1. 格式問題：
請同學們在BEC的寫作中采用平頭式的寫法。
收信人的姓名和地址置于信紙的左上方
地址、稱呼和結束禮詞后沒有標點符號
日期在右上方
段落從定格開始，段落之間的行距為兩行(但在考試中由于受答題卡限制，請同學們酌情考慮)
寫信人的名字和頭銜在簽名下方
2. 稱呼和結束禮詞的注意事項：
稱呼的寫法遵循下列原則：
Dear Sir or Madam寫信給某一公司，不確定具體的收信人
Dear Sir對男士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名
Dear Madam對女士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名
Dear Mr Smith對男士
Dear Ms Smith對已婚或未婚的女士
Dear Mrs Smith對已婚女士
Dear Miss Smith對未婚女士
Dear John (此處John 為英語中常用男名)對朋友或你比較熟悉的人(通常為多年生意伙伴)
稱呼與結束禮詞存在對應的關系，請同學們特別注意：
Dear Sir or MadamYours faithfully
Dear Mr/Ms/Mrs/Miss SmithYours sincerely
Dear JohnBest wishes
以下均為錯誤用法：
Dear Mr John
Dear Mr John Smith
3. 日期：
在英國英語中，天在前，但是在美國英語中，月份在前。所以某些特別的時期容易引起誤解。例如：12 06 2003
在英國指的是：6月21日
在美國指的是：12月6日
因此日期要寫成：12 June 2003
注釋：在bec考試中同學們可以采用恩波所推薦的用法。但是12 06 2003 的用法仍然是可以使用的，因為bec為英版考試。
在使用恩波推薦的用法時，要記住月份使用大些字母開頭。天后不必寫th、rd、nd或者st。
第二章 寫法問題
預備參加bec考試的同學們由于缺乏商務寫作的實際經(jīng)驗，對于寫作部分都比較郁悶。恩波結合歷年考試實際，為大家準備了15類共計50個經(jīng)典的實戰(zhàn)句型，供大家在考場上使用。我們對每一個句型都模擬了一種環(huán)境：
1. 信件的開頭：
We are writing to enquire about…
We are writing in connection with…
We are interested in … and we would like to know…
環(huán)境：
You want to know the prices of some air conditioners.
We are interested in your air conditioner and we would like to know the prices of some air conditioners.
You saw an advertisement in the newspaper yesterday and you want further information.
We are writing in connection with the advertisement in the newspaper yesterday.
You want to know if the company you are writing to organizes holidays to Africa.
We are writing to inquire about the holidays to Africa that your company organizes.
2. 回信的開頭：
Thank you for your letter of (date)
We have received your letter of (date)asking if …
enquiring about …
enclosing …
concerning …
環(huán)境：
A company wrote to you on 23 July. They wanted to know if you sell photocopiers.
Thank you for your letter of 23 July, asking if we sell photocopiers.
A man wrote to you on 18 December. He wanted employment with your company. He also sent his curriculum vitae.
We have received your letter of 18 December, enclosing your curriculum vitae.
A company sent you a fax on 3 June. They wanted to know if you were going to the marketing conference in London.
Thank you for your fax of 3 June, asking if I was going to the marketing conference in London.
A woman telephoned you this morning. She wanted to know if her order No. 599 had arrived.
Thank you for your telephone call this morning concerning the order No. 599.
3. 信件的結尾：
一般結尾：
I look forward to receiving your reply/order/products/ect.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
如果你在信件中提供了信息：
I hope that this information will help you.
Please contact me if you need any further information.
Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions.
Please let me know if you need any further information.
4. 引入主題：
With reference to …
Further to …
With regard to …
I am writing in connection with …
注：引入主題的句子可以被寫在信件的開頭，但with regard to 不能用于信件的開頭。
環(huán)境：(how would you start a letter about each of the following?)
an invoice (No. 679) for a photocopier
With reference to Invoice No. 679, we regret to tell you that the product arrived in bad condition.
a meeting you had with the addressee on Jan. 16th
Further to the meeting on 16 January, I am delighted to tell you that we are now able to give you a special offer for our Peach Series computer.
an advertisement in the times newspaper
I am writing in connection with the advertisement in the times newspaper yesterday.
an application for a post as secretary in your company
I am writing in connection with your application for a post as secretary in our company.
a fax order for six computers that you received today
with reference to your fax order for six computer, I regret to tell you that they are out of stock at present.
5. 告知好、壞消息：
好消息：
I ampleased
delighted
happytotell
inform
adviseyou that …
壞消息：
Iregret
am sorrytotell
inform
adviseyou that …
We regret that …
環(huán)境：(complete these sentences using phrases for referring and giving good or bad news.)
a. ___________________________ your order for some cupboards, _____________________ we have had to increase the price.
b. ____________________________ your application for a post as secretary, ______________________________ that we would like you to start work as soon as possible.
c. _________________________________ your application for a post as secretary, ______________________________ that you were not successful.
d. _________________________________ our telephone conversation this morning, ______________________________ that your car is now ready for you to collect.
6. 說明你所能做的和不能做的：
We are unable to …
We are able to …
We have been forced to …
環(huán)境：
You cannot lower your prices.
We regret that we are unable to reduce out prices.
You have had to raise your prices because the government has increased the sales tax.
We have been forced to raise our prices because the government has increased the sales tax.
However, you can give them a discount of 5% if their order is for more than $8,000.
We are able to give you a discount of 5% if your order is more than $8,000.
With regard to their second question, you cannot accept payment in Egyptian pounds but you can accept US dollars or Euros.
We are sorry that we are unable to accept payments in Egyptian pounds but we are able to accept US dollars or Euros.
7. 說明原因：
This is owing to …
due to …
a result of …
because of …
注：owing to 通常用于不好的消息。如果想在原因中使用動詞，請加上the fact that的從句。
環(huán)境：
increase prices --- fall of the dollar
We have been force to increase our prices. This is owing to the fall of the dollar.
Delay the delivery of the goods --- strike by airline pilots
We have been forced to delay the delivery of the goods. This is owing to the strike by airline pilots.
Increase all salaries by 10% --- rise in sales
We are able to increase all salaries by 10%. This is the result of a big rise in sales.
Cut all salaries by 10% --- fall in sales
We have been forced to cut all salaries by 10%. This is due to the fact that there has been a fall in sales in the past ten months.
Cannot deliver your new order --- we have not received your payment fro the last order
We regret that we are unable to deliver your new order immediately. This is owing to the fact that we have not received your payment for the last order.
Cancel the meeting --- a lot of staff have been ill
We have been forced to cancel the meeting. This is because some members of our staff have been ill.
8. 請求采取行動：
Please could you …
We would be grateful if you could …
We would be appreciate it if you could …as soon as possible.
without delay.
immediately.
注：please could you … 是最直接的方式。在要求一些一般性的事情時，可以使用這種表達。
環(huán)境：
You have seen an advertisement in the newspaper for a post as office manger. You want an application form.
I would appreciate it if you could send me an application form.
The photocopier in your office has broken down. You want to have it repaired, quickly.
We would be grateful if you could send a repairman to fix our photocopier as soon as possible.
You have moved your office and you want the post office to forward your letters to your new address.
Please could you forward my letters to my new address.
You want the telephone company to put another telephone in your office. You need it urgently.
We would appreciate it if you could put another telephone in our office immediately.
You have written to a company and you want them to reply quickly.
I would be grateful if you could give us a reply quickly.
9. 抱歉：
We must apologize for …
We apologize for …
We are extremely sorry for …
注：以上句型后請使用動詞ing形式。
以上句型中的for可以換成that，然后用從句表達。
一般來說，解釋產(chǎn)生問題的原因，然后在信的結尾處再次表達歉意。
再次抱歉：
Please accept our apologies once again.
We hope that this has not caused you any inconvenience.
With apologies once again.
10. 要求提供信息：
Please could you
We would be grateful if you could
We would appreciate it if you couldgive us further details about ..
inform us (about/if) …
let us know ( about/if ) …
We would like to know ( about/if ) …
注：如果需要特別重要的信息，可以在以上句型前使用：in particular。
環(huán)境：
You wrote a letter to someone and they haven’t replied. You want to know if they received the letter.
We would be grateful if you could let us know if the letter has reached you.
A businessman is going to your country. He wants you to get a visa for him. You need all the details about his passport (his nationality, date of birth, where his passport was issued, and when it expires).
Please could you give details about your passport. I would like to know your nationality, date of birth, where your passport was issued and when it expires.
You want to know about the same businessman’s flight (flight number, date and time of arrival).
In particular, I would like to know your flight number, date and time of arrival.
11. 輕度抱怨：
Unfortunately, + 表示 something is wrong 的句子
環(huán)境：
A company has sent you a bill for the wrong goods.
Unfortunately you sent us a bill for the wrong goods. Please could you send us a correct bill as soon as possible.
Your new photocopier has broken down. You have to write to the company who sold it to you.
Unfortunately our new photocopier has broken down. Please could you send a repairman to fix it for us as soon as possible.
Two temporary secretaries do not speak English. You have to write to the agency who sent them to you.
Unfortunately two temporary secretaries you recommended to us do not speak English. We would be grateful if you could recommend two more who could speak English.
You keep receiving letters for someone else. You have to write to the post office.
Unfortunately I keep receiving letters for someone else. Please could you make the address clear before you deliver letters every day.
12. 提醒某人對某事的注意：
I should like to draw your attention to (the fact that)…
I should like to point out that …
如果你提醒的事情對方已經(jīng)知道(你想表達你的生氣)：
I should like to remind you that…
I hope that it is not necessary to remind you that …
環(huán)境：
One of your staff keeps parking his car in front of the main door, the space which is reserved for the MD.
I should like to remind you that the space in front of the main door is reserved for the MD.
Someone is interested in purchasing a large quantity of your simplex cameras. Tell him about 25% discount for large orders.
I should like t draw your attention to the fact that we offer about 25% discount for larger orders.
One of your staff arrives half an hour late for work every day. (She should start at 9.30.)
I hope that it is not necessary to remind you that work start at 9: 30 every day.
Someone is interested in your products. Tell him that you guarantee that your prices are the largest in the country.
I should like to point out that we guarantee that all prices are the lowest in the country.
13. 要求某人采取行動：
We must insist that …DO… (DO指動詞原型)
注：請注意這一句型和句型8的區(qū)別。
環(huán)境：
We must insist that you deliver the goods immediately.
14. 警告：
Unless…
If…(not)…We will be forced to …
環(huán)境：(What warnings would you give these people?)
A company that has not paid your bill
Unless you pay the bill, we will be forced to take legal actions.
Another company that is using your company’s car park
If you do not move your car away from our park, we will be forced to turn to the police.
An employee who always arrives late for work
Unless you come to work on time, we will be forced to fire you.
A builder who has left a lot of their tools in your office
If you do not take your tools from our office, we will be forced to throw them away.
15. 強烈抱怨：
注：強烈抱怨遵循以下步驟：
a. 闡述發(fā)生的問題：it is now over nine months since we placed this order and we are still waiting for the cabinets.
b. 使用句型12：I should like to point out that we have already paid for these cabinets.
c. 使用句型 13：we must insist that you deliver them immediately.
d. 使用句型14：unless we hear from you within 7 days we will take legal action.
第三章 寫作后的檢查(包括圖表寫作)
檢查的四個主要方面：
1.標點符號：完全禁用的符號：：“” 《》。
2.拼寫：雙寫輔音 y改成復數(shù)
3.語法：主謂一致 冠詞 次序 介詞 時態(tài) 漏詞
4.可能導致信息表達不清的因素：太長的段落 太長的句子 運用不常使用的詞匯
一次包含太多的信息 信息不完整 信息順序混亂
圖表作文
對于線性圖表的描述
上升1. 對于上升趨勢的描述：
a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：to increase; to go up; to rise; to grow; to jump; to leap
to soar; to shoot; to pick up
b. 可以使用的名詞：an increase; a growth; a jump; a soar;an upward trend
2. 對于上升到某個位置的描述：
a. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)。
b. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+the peak of+具體數(shù)據(jù)。
c. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching the peak of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。
d. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。
e. to peak at + 具體數(shù)據(jù)
f. to climb to + 具體數(shù)據(jù)
3. 對于上升的程度的描述：
a. 1. a. 中的動詞+by + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。
b. 1. a. 中的動詞+副詞。(見
下降1. 對于下降趨勢的描述：
a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：to fall; to decrease; to go down; to slide; to collapse
to decline; to drop
b. 可以使用的名詞：a collapse; a decrease; a fall; a decline; a drop
2. 對于下降到某個位置的描述：
a. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)。
b. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+the bottom of+具體數(shù)據(jù)。
c. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching the bottom of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。
d. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。
3. 對于下降程度的描述：
a. 1. a. 中的動詞+by + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。
b. 1. a. 中的動詞+副詞。
對于平穩(wěn)的趨勢的描述，可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：
to hardly change; to have little change; to keep steady; to level off; to remain constant
to stay the same
表示程度的副詞：
1. 程度較大：considerably; dramatically; greatly; markedly; obviously; quickly; rapidly
Sharply; significantly; suddenly
2. 程度較�。簊lightly; gradually; slowly; steadily
時間的嵌入
嵌入時間時所使用的介詞和介詞詞組：in; from……to……; between…….and……
during……and……; at the start of ……; by the end of ……; over ……; at the end of ……
throughout ……
時間’s + 具體數(shù)據(jù)
上升和下降趨勢的組合描述(嵌入了時間和程度之后)：
1. 先上升后下降的句型：
...... increased slowly during…… and …… but fell sharply in …….
A steady fall in …… during …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….
2. 先下降后上升的句型：
…… fell before …… began to make a recovery ……
…… continue the recovery, climbing to ……
…… dropped during …… but increased again in ……
…… fell and then pick up during ……
…… collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……
3. 起伏波動的句型：
…… fluctuated sharply all through ……
4. 波動不大的句型：
…… hardly changed through the period between ……and ……
柱狀圖形的描述
轉(zhuǎn)換為線形圖形的描述
餅狀圖形的描述
對于百分比進行描述所使用的句型：
…… % the …… is/has/have/are ……
…… accounts for ……% of the total
…… takes up ……% in the whole chart
趨勢的比較
1. 表示相似的句型 (實例) ：
Both share prices rose sharply in January.
Neither company has made a profit yet.
Like X, Y fell in June.
X rose just as sharply as Y.
2. 表示差異的句型(實例)：
X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.
X fell quickly compared to Y.
Unlike Y, X rose by 10%.
X rose far more dramatically than Y.
3. 表示倍數(shù)的句型：
the …… doubled/tripled in …… compared with those in ……
4. 客觀比較的句型：
…… is …… in contrast to ……
數(shù)據(jù)的修飾
1. 表示不足的詞或詞組：up to; below; under; almost; nearly
2. 表示超過的詞或詞組：over; more than; just over
3. 表示大約的詞：about
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