新概念英語太空的探索作文譯文

　　First listen and then answer the following question.

　　聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。

　　When will it be possible for us to think seriously about colonising Mars?

　　The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System, supplying the rocket fuels for its ships, easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the form of liquid oxygen. The reason lies in its gravity. Because the Moon has only an eightieth of the Earth's mass, it requires 97 percent less energy to travel the quarter of a million miles from the Moon to Earth-orbit than the 200 mile-journey from Earth's surface into orbit!

　　This may sound fantastic, but it is easily calculated. To escape from the Earth in a rocket, one must travel at seven miles per second. The comparable speed from the Moon is only 1.5 miles per second. Because the gravity on the Moon's surface is only a sixth of Earth's (remember how easily the Apollo astronauts bounded along), it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5 miles per second than it does on Earth. Moon-dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three per cent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial cousins.

　　Arthur C. Clark once suggested a revolutionary idea passes through three phases:

　　1 'It's impossible -- don't waste my time.'

　　2 'It's possible, but not worth doing.'

　　3 'I said it was a good idea all along.'

　　The idea of colonising Mars -- a world 160 times more distant than the Moon -- will move decisively from the second phase to the third, when a significant number of people are living permanently in space. Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers. America, Russia and Europe are filled with enthusiasts -- many of them serious and senior scientists -- who dream of sending people to it. Their aim is understandable. It is the one world in the Solar System that is most like the Earth. It is a world of red sandy deserts (hence its name -- the Red Planet), cloudless skies, savage sandstorms, chasms wider than the Grand Canyon and at least one mountain more than twice as tall as Everest. It seems ideal for settlement.

　　【參考譯文】

　　月球很可能成為太陽系的工業(yè)中心。從月球上的巖石中很容易提煉出液態(tài)氧，作為航天飛船的燃料。其原因在于月球的重力。因為月球的重只有地球的1/8，因此，從月球到地球的25萬英里所消耗的能量要比從地球表面進(jìn)入地球軌道的200英里所耗能量少97%。

　　這點(diǎn)聽起來令人難以置信，但卻很容易計算出來。要乘坐一枚火箭飛離地球，火箭的速度要達(dá)到每秒7英里，而從月球出發(fā)的相應(yīng)速度史是每秒1.5英里。由于月球表面的重力僅是地球表面的1/6 -- 還記得阿波羅飛船中的宇航員累松地跳躍 -- 在月球上加速到每秒1.5英里比在地球上所用能源要少得多。月球居民在太空遨游的費(fèi)用僅是地球上朋友飛越同樣路所需費(fèi)用的3%。

　　亞瑟.C.克拉克曾提議，一種創(chuàng)新的想法要經(jīng)過以下3個階段：

　　1 “根本不可能，不要浪費(fèi)我的時間�！�

　　2 “可能，但不值得做。”

　　3 “我一直說這是個好想法�！�

　　如果有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的人永久性地住在太空，征服火星的計劃 -- 一個比月球遠(yuǎn)160倍的星球 -- 就可以明確地從第2階段進(jìn)入第3階段�；鹦菍ξ磥淼男请H旅客說有著特殊的魅力。美國、俄羅斯和歐洲都有許多熱心此項事業(yè)的人 -- 其中的不少是認(rèn)真和資深的科學(xué)家，他們一直夢想著把人送上火星。他們的目標(biāo)是可以理解的�；鹦鞘翘�陽系里與地球最接近的一顆行星。這是一個紅色沙漠的世界（因而得名：紅色行星），無云的天空，兇猛的沙暴，比大峽谷還寬的裂縫，起碼有一座山有珠穆朗瑪峰的近兩倍高�？雌饋恚�它很合適居住。

　　1.hub n.（活動的）中心

　　例句：Chicago is a hub of airline traffic.

　　芝加哥是航運(yùn)中心。

　　2.lunar adj.月球的

　　例句：May 5th of the a Chinese lunar calendar is the Dragon Boat Festival.

　　陰歷五月初五是中國的端午節(jié)。

　　3.oxygen n.氧氣

　　4.Apollo n.阿波羅

　　5.accelerate v.加速

　　例句：Our country should accelerate the economic growth.

　　我國應(yīng)加快經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。

　　6.terrestrial adj. 地球的

　　例句：Terrestrial longitude is measured in degrees east or west of the Greenwich meridian.

　　地球的經(jīng)度是用格林尼治子午線向東或向西的度數(shù)來表示的。

　　7.permanently adv.永遠(yuǎn)地

　　例句：His radio is permanently tuned to Radio 1.

　　他的收音機(jī)永遠(yuǎn)調(diào)撥在無線電1 臺上。

　　8.fascination n.魅力

　　例句：Seeing over a thousand species of fish is part of the fascination of the reef.

　　礁石的部分魅力就在于可以看到上千種魚。

　　9.senior adj.資歷深的，年長的

　　10.chasm n.斷層，裂口

　　11.canyon n.峽谷

　　1.The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System, supplying the rocket fuels for its ships, easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the form of liquid oxygen.

　　supplying the rocket fuels for its ships是現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。

　　in the form of以……形式

　　例句：The novel is cast in the form of a diary.

　　這部小說是以日記的形式寫的。

　　Our soundings are displayed in the form of a graph.

　　我們的調(diào)查結(jié)果已用圖表列出。

　　2.The reason lies in its gravity.

　　lie in在于

　　例句：All their hopes lie in him.

　　他們把所有希望都寄托在他身上。

　　The trouble lies in the engine.

　　毛病出在引擎上。

　　3.Because the Moon has only an eightieth of the Earth's mass, it requires 97 percent less energy to travel the quarter of a million miles from the Moon to Earth-orbit than the 200 mile-journey from Earth's surface into orbit!

　　an eightieth of分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式。詳見語法部分。

　　4.To escape from the Earth in a rocket, one must travel at seven miles per second.

　　To escape是目的狀語，相當(dāng)于in order to

　　5.Because the gravity on the Moon's surface is only a sixth of Earth's (remember how easily the Apollo astronauts bounded along), it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5 miles per second than it does on Earth.

　　much less energy，much用來修飾比較級less。修飾比較是副詞much的常見用法，“much 比較級”的意思是“更……”“……得多”。如：

　　It’s much colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。

　　It was much worse than I thought. 它比我想像的還要糟得多。

　　We will be a much better football team next year. 明年我們將會成為一支更好的足球隊。

　　除此之外，much還可以修飾最高級

　　much修飾最高級應(yīng)置于最高級前的定冠詞之前，而不是之后�！癿uch the 最高級”的意思是“最最……”“絕對是最……”。如：

　　This is much the most difficult. 這是最最難的。

　　That’s much the best plan. 那絕對是最好的計劃。

　　Of the three boys Nick is much the cleverest. 這三個男孩中，尼克最最聰明。

　　6.Russia and Europe are filled with enthusiasts -- many of them serious and senior scientists -- who dream of sending people to it.

　　dream of夢見,夢想,向往,渴望

　　例句：I never dreamed of such a thing.

　　我從沒夢想過這樣的事情。

　　I've long dreamed of paying a visit to the Great Wall.

　　我一直渴望游覽長城。

　　破折號中間的句子是對前面的enthusiasts做補(bǔ)充說明，相當(dāng)于插入語，除掉之后不會影響整個句子的完整性，只是使意思更加清楚。

　　英語分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法：

　　一、用“基數(shù)詞＋序數(shù)詞”表示

　　分?jǐn)?shù)在英語中通常是借助于基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞來共同表達(dá)的。其中基數(shù)詞表示分子，序數(shù)詞表示分母。

　　如：

　　1．The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter．厘米是分米的十分之一，或者說是米的百分之一。

　　2．However，the number of boys will bea third or less than the girls in the class．但是，班里男生的人數(shù)將比女生少三分之一或更少。

　　從以上例子可以看出：分子除用one外，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是，1／2不能說a（one）second，而要說a（one）half。例如：

　　3．The sum of one half，one third and one fourth of a certain number is 13.某數(shù)的1／2，1／3和1／4的和是13。 1／4和3／4可以說a（one）fourth和three fourths，但常用a quarter和three quarters表示。應(yīng)該注意的是，分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時，若該名詞是不可數(shù)名詞只能用單數(shù)；若是可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。但是，若它們在句子中作主語，則謂語動詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，即與分?jǐn)?shù)所修飾的名詞保持一致。例如：

　　4．Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen．氧氣只占空氣的1／5。

　　5．About two thirds of the students attendthe meeting．大約2／3的學(xué)生都參加了會議。

　　帶分?jǐn)?shù)也是常見的英語數(shù)詞表達(dá)。所謂帶分?jǐn)?shù)，實際上是“整數(shù)＋分?jǐn)?shù)”，表達(dá)時分而述之，只是整數(shù)部分與分?jǐn)?shù)部分要用連詞 and連接。當(dāng)帶分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時，該名詞通常是復(fù)數(shù)，但若名詞置于整數(shù)one或a之后，則用單數(shù)�！皫Х�?jǐn)?shù)＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞根據(jù)臨近原則要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

　　6．You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours．你應(yīng)在1．25小時內(nèi)完成工作。

　　7．The atom breaks up in a minute and a quarter．原子在1．25分鐘內(nèi)裂變。

　　二、用per cent等表示

　　表示百分之一可以說one（a）hundredth，但更常用one percent或per cent，即用百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法來表達(dá)。例如：

　　8．Our bodies are 65percent water．我們?nèi)梭w含65％水分。

　　9．Seventy-five percent of the earth'ssur- face is covered by water．地球表面的75％被水覆蓋著。

　　10．Eighty-five percent of the students in English department are girls．英語系85％的學(xué)生是女生。

　　三、用part表示

　　名詞part有“……分之一”的意思，分子大于1時，part用復(fù)數(shù)。表示分?jǐn)?shù)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般有以下三種：

　�。�1）“基數(shù)詞（或a）＋序數(shù)詞＋part（s）” a hundred part百分之一

　�。�2）“基數(shù)詞＋part（s）＋in＋基數(shù)詞” five parts in one thousand千分之五

　�。�3）“基數(shù)詞＋part（s）＋per＋基數(shù)詞” one part per million百萬分之一

　　四、用“基數(shù)詞＋介詞＋基數(shù)詞”表示

　　借助介詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)，介詞前的數(shù)詞是分子，介詞后的數(shù)詞是分母。例如：

　　11．Ninety-nine people out of a hundred，if they were asked who first found America， would answer Clumbus．如果要問是誰首先發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲，一百個人中有九十九個（百分之九十九）將回答是哥倫布。

　　這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞主要有in，out of，of以及to

　　12．The map is drawn to a scale of one of ten thousand．這張地圖是按萬分之一的比例繪制的。

　　1.The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System, supplying the rocket fuels fro its ships, easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the from of liquid oxygen.

　　月球很可能成為太陽系的工業(yè)中心。從月球上的巖石中很容易提煉出液態(tài)氧，作為航天飛船的燃料。

　　2.The reason lies in its gravity.

　　其原因在于月球的重力。

　　3.This may sound fantastic, but it is easily calculated.

　　這點(diǎn)聽起來令人難以置信，但卻很容易計算出來。

　　4.it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5 miles per second than it does on Earth.

　　在月球上加速到每秒1.5英里比在地球上所用能源要少得多。

　　5.Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers.

　　火星對未來的星際旅客說有著特殊的魅力。

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